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Intensivmedizin up2date 2021; 17(02): 155-176
DOI: 10.1055/a-1199-7948
Allgemeine Intensivmedizin

Virologische Erkrankungen auf der Intensivstation

Simon Dubler
,
Markus Zettler
,
Adalbert Krawczyk
,
Stefanie Michel
,
Frank Herbstreit
,
Oliver Witzke
,
Ulf Dittmer
,
Thorsten Brenner
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Virusinfektionen kritisch kranker Patienten und ihre Versorgung gewinnen in der Intensivmedizin zunehmend an Bedeutung. Insbesondere das neuartige Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, das Ende 2019 erstmalig in Wuhan (China) nachgewiesen werden konnte, ist gegenwärtig in den Fokus der Weltöffentlichkeit und der Wissenschaft gerückt.
Kernaussagen

  • Ein negativer Nachweis von Zytomegalie-DNA im Serum schließt die Manifestation einer durch CMV bedingten Erkrankung nicht aus.

  • Immunsupprimierte Patienten, Patienten mit maligner Grunderkrankung, sowie Raucher und Schwangere sind besonders gefährdet, schwere Komplikationen einer Varizella-zoster-Virus-Infektion (VZV-Infektion) zu entwickeln.

  • Eine Infektion mit RSV (= humanes respiratorisches Synzytialvirus) ist bei Patienten mit Immunsuppression nach Stammzelltransplantation bzw. solider Organtransplantation mit hoher Morbidität und Mortalität assoziiert.

  • Eine gefürchtete Komplikation der Influenzainfektion ist die Superinfektion mit Bakterien und/oder Pilzen. Sie stellt einen unabhängigen Risikofaktor für erhöhte Mortalität auf der Intensivstation bzw. für die 28-Tage-Mortalität dar.

  • Die Intubation von Patienten/Patientinnen mit bestätigter SARS-CoV-2-Infektion sollten vom erfahrensten Intensivmediziner im Team durchgeführt werden.

Schlüsselwörter

Viruserkrankungen - Intensivstation - Sepsis - COVID-19

Supporting Information



Publication History

Article published online:
27 May 2021

© 2021. Thieme. All rights reserved.

Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Rüdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany

 

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