Die Rolle der Mikrozirkulation in der Entstehung des Organversagens

Die Mikrozirkulation umfasst alle Blut- und Lymphgefäße mit einem Durchmesser < 100 µm. Störungen der Mikrozirkulation finden sich bei kritisch kranken Patienten häufig und weisen einen engen Zusammenhang mit dem Schweregrad der (Multi-)Organdysfunktion sowie der Sterblichkeit auf. Dieser Beitrag bietet eine Übersicht über die Pathophysiologie, das Monitoring und die Therapie der Mikrozirkulationsstörung beim kritisch kranken Patienten.

Abstract

The microcirculation includes all blood and lymph vessels with a diameter < 100 µm. Microcirculatory dysfunction is common in critically ill patients and is closely associated with both the severity of (multi-)organ dysfunction and mortality. The nature and extent of microcirculatory dysfunction differ depending on the underlying disease and are most pronounced in patients with systemic inflammation (e. g. sepsis), specific infections (e. g. malaria, dengue) or thrombocytopenia-associated multiple organ failure. This manuscript provides an overview of the pathophysiology, monitoring and therapy of microcirculatory dysfunction in the critically ill patient.

Schlüsselwörter

Mikrozirkulation - Organfunktionsstörung - Pathophysiologie - Überwachung - Therapie

Key words

microcirculation - organ dysfunction - pathophysiology - monitoring - therapy

Publikationsverlauf

Artikel online veröffentlicht:
28. Dezember 2021

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