Zusammenfassung
Die nicht traumatische Subarachnoidalblutung (SAB) ist meist auf die Ruptur eines
intrakraniellen Aneurysmas zurückzuführen. Aber es gibt weitere, sehr unterschiedliche
Erkrankungen, die mögliche Differenzialdiagnosen sind. Sie richtig zu diagnostizieren,
ist alleine schon von Relevanz, weil sich Ätiologie, Behandlung, Komplikationen, Prognose
und sogar die Folgebildgebung unterscheiden.
Abstract
Non-traumatic subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) is by far most frequently caused by a
rupture of an intracranial aneurysm. Apart from that, the differential diagnosis consists
of a heterogeneous group of diseases. Clinical presentation and patterns of SAH which
differ from the “typical” aneurysmal SAH are described in this review. Characteristic
findings in vascular and parenchymal neuroimaging are reported. MRI is of great importance
in detecting focal and subacute subarachnoid bleeding which is negative on CT. Intra-arterial
angiography is still mandatory and obligatory for exact classification of arteriovenous
malformation and fistula, especially prior to treatment by a multidisciplinary team.
Finally, the radiologist should keep in mind that various artifacts on CT or MRI,
such as pseudo-SAH, might simulate an SAH.
Schlüsselwörter
Subarachnoidalblutung - Aneurysma - Diagnose - reversibles zerebrales Vasokonstriktionssyndrom
- posteriores reversibles Enzephalopathiesyndrom
Key words
subarachnoid haemorrhage - aneurysm - diagnosis - reversible cerebral vasoconstriction
syndrome - posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome
