Invasive Pilzinfektionen bei Intensivpatienten – Was gibt es Neues?

Was ist neu?

Invasive Candida-Infektionen Invasive Mykosen spielen in der Intensivmedizin eine zunehmende Rolle. Das Erkennen von Risikopatienten und das richtige Diagnose- und Therapiemanagement spielen dabei die entscheidende Rolle.

Influenza- und COVID-19-assoziierte pulmonale Aspergillose Neben der invasiven Candidiasis wurden zuletzt vermehrt Superinfektionen durch Schimmelpilze im Rahmen von schweren Influenza- und COVID-19-Infektionen beobachtet. Diese treten ohne die „klassischen“ Risikofaktoren für invasive Aspergillosen auf und bedürfen daher der besonderen Aufmerksamkeit der Intensivmediziner. Die Superinfektion mit Aspergillus-Spezies bei Influenza ist insofern neu, da bislang invasive Aspergillosen nur bei immunsupprimierten Patienten beschrieben wurden. Auch bei SARS-CoV-2 fanden sich schnell Berichte von COVID-19-assoziierten pulmonalen Aspergillosen, die möglicherweise zu einer Erhöhung der Mortalität führen können.

Abstract

Invasive fungal infections are gaining increasing importance in intensive care medicine. The aim of this article is to present an update on recent developments in the field of invasive fungal infection in critically ill patients. Particular emphasis is placed on the recently described invasive mold infections in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome due to influenza or COVID-19. Detecting high-risk patients and the optimal diagnostic and therapeutic strategies play a decisive role to improve outcome.

Schlüsselwörter

invasive Pilzinfektion - Intensivstation - COVID-19 - Influenza - Aspergillose

Key words

invasive fungal infection - intensive care unit - COVID-19 - influenza - aspergillosis

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