Wichtige Differenzialdiagnosen von Mon- und Oligoarthritiden

Das Auftreten einer Arthritis in nur einem Gelenk (Monarthritis) sowie einer Oligoarthritis, welche 2–4 Gelenke betrifft, kann die initiale Manifestation verschiedenster Erkrankungen sein. In diesem Beitrag beleuchten wir die notwendige Diagnostik und die häufigsten Ursachen und geben darüber hinaus Hinweise zu den therapeutischen Optionen bei den jeweiligen Differenzialdiagnosen.

Abstract

Reasons of mon- and oligoarthritis are heterogeneous. The diagnostic approach includes a detailed medical anamnesis, physical examination and imaging (conventional X-ray, sonography, MRI and, CT). Analysis of the synovial fluid is required in suspected septic arthritis and frequently helps in diagnosis and differential diagnosis of crystal arthropathies. Dual-energy-CT (DECT) detects sodium urate crystals and can replace joint puncture in some cases. In addition to crystal arthropathies and septic arthritis, differential diagnosis of mon-/oligoarthritis includes reactive arthritis, arthrosis and monarthritic courses of SpA/PsA. A rheumatologist should be consulted particularly in the case of persistent monarthritides, in order to initiate a specific therapy to prevent secondary damage.

Schlüsselwörter

Monarthritis - Oligoarthritis - Synovialisanalyse

Key words

monarthritis - oligoarthritis - synovial fluid analysis

Publication History

Article published online:
30 April 2021

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