Technik und klinische Bedeutung des kardialen Mappings – was der Radiologe wissen sollte

Zusammenfassung

In den letzten Jahren sind die Mapping-Techniken der kardialen MRT vermehrt in das Interesse von Forschung und klinischer Praxis gerückt. Damit kann der Radiologe magnetische (T1-, T2- und T2*-Zeiten) und histologische (Extrazellulärvolumen-Fraktion) Parameter des Myokards quantifizieren und vor allem diffuse akute und chronische Erkrankungen des Myokards besser nachweisen als mit den Standardsequenzen.

Abstract

In recent years, myocardial mapping sequences have gained substantial interest in research and clinical practice. They provide the quantification of magnetic (T1-, T2-, and T2*-values) and histological (extracellular volume fraction) myocardial parameters. Furthermore, mapping techniques allow for an improved detection of diffuse acute and chronic myocardial pathologies, which are difficult to delineate in conventional sequences. This article provides the technical background of myocardial mapping techniques and shows their clinical application for the most important cardiomyopathies.

Kernaussagen

• Die Mapping-Techniken quantifizieren magnetische (T1-/T2-Relaxationszeiten, T2*-Zeiten) und histologische (EZV-Fraktion) Gewebeparameter des Myokards.

• Bei ihrer Verwendung ist im Gegensatz zu den konventionellen Sequenzen der kardialen MRT (T2w Ödemsequenzen, Late-Gadolinium-Enhancement) kein gesundes Referenzgewebe zur Gewebecharakterisierung erforderlich.

• Die Mapping-Techniken ermöglichen einen gegenüber den konventionellen Sequenzen verbesserten Nachweis akuter und chronischer, vor allem diffuser Pathologien, sind Bestandteil mehrerer diagnostischer Leitlinien und liefern wertvolle prognostische Informationen.

• Die Mapping-Techniken ermöglichen eine der Myokardbiopsie vergleichbare Quantifizierung diffuser myokardialer Gewebsveränderungen, z. B. der Fibrose.

• Bei ihrer Verwendung ist zu beachten, dass die Mapping-Techniken und ihre Normwerte durch Patienteneigenschaften beeinflusst werden und hersteller-, geräte- sowie softwareversionsabhängig sein können.

Schlüsselwörter

kardiales Mapping - MRT - Late-Gadolinium-Enhancement - Extrazellulärvolumen-Fraktion

Key words

Myocardial Mapping - MRI - Late Gadolinium Enhancement - Extracellular Volume Mapping

Publikationsverlauf

Artikel online veröffentlicht:
04. Juni 2021

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