Idiopathische inflammatorische Myopathien: Aktuelles zu Diagnose und Klassifikation

Zusammenfassung

Auf dem Sektor der Kollagenosen ist der wissenschaftliche Fortschritt bei der Myositis in den letzten 15–20 Jahren bemerkenswert. Durch kontinuierliche Forschung und intensive Vernetzung der Myositis-Experten ist es gelungen, neue Untergruppen zu identifizieren und somit für die Prognose wichtige Organmanifestationen rechtzeitig zu erkennen. Vor dem Hintergrund dieser Neuerungen verfolgt diese Übersichtsarbeit sowohl das Ziel, möglichst alle Facetten der Erkrankung zu präsentieren, als auch die moderne Einteilung der idiopathischen inflammatorischen Myopathien zu erläutern. Außerdem werden die neuen Klassifikationskriterien vorgestellt, die die Kriterien von Bohan und Peter aus dem Jahr 1975 abgelöst haben. Im Artikel werden ihre Stärken und Schwächen sowie ihr Optimierungspotenzial diskutiert.

Abstract

Many publications over the past 15–20 years have shown that there is intense research activity on myositis. Several new subgroups and a number of novel autoantibodies have been identified. This article presents updated knowledge of the myositis disease spectrum, in order to help rheumatologists to recognise muscle inflammation, as well as possible extramuscular organ involvement. Since managing such heterogeneous and rare diseases will remain challenging, correct classification is here the key for successful treatment. After a 13-year development process, the new classification criteria for idiopathic inflammatory diseases are a significant milestone, as they replace those presented by Bohan and Peter in 1975. Part of the aim of this paper is to point out the pros and cons of the new criteria and to discuss potential improvements for the future.

Schlüsselwörter

Myositis - idiopathische inflammatorische Myopathien - Klassifikationskriterien

Keywords

myositis - idiopathic inflammatory myopathy - classification criteria

Publication History

Article published online:
01 July 2021

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