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Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol 2021; 225(05): 392-396
DOI: 10.1055/a-1471-7714
Übersicht

Messinstrumente zur Erfassung von Geburtserwartungen und des Geburtserlebens (Teil 2 einer Serie zur psychologischen Diagnostik im Peripartalzeitraum)

Questionnaires for the Assessment of Birth Expectancy and Birth Experience (Part 2 of a series on psychological assessment during the peripartum period)
Tobias Weigl 
1   Psychology School, Hochschule Fresenius – University of Applied Sciences, Düsseldorf, Deutschland
,
Susan Garthus-Niegel 
2   Fakultät Medizin, MSH Medical School Hamburg – University of Applied Sciences and Medical University, Hamburg, Deutschland
3   Institut und Poliklinik für Arbeits- und Sozialmedizin, TU Dresden, Dresden, Deutschland
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Zusammenfassung

Der Geburtsvorgang ist ein tiefgreifendes Erlebnis und geht zumeist mit starken Schmerzen einher. Neben medizinischen Komplikationen können aber auch subjektive Faktoren das Geburtserleben beeinflussen. Dazu zählen unter anderem bisherige Erfahrungen mit Schwangerschaft und Geburt, frühere traumatische Erlebnisse und Geburtserwartungen. Verschiedene Fragebögen ermöglichen derzeit eine standardisierte Erfassung der Geburtserwartungen und des Geburtserlebens. Allerdings steht in deutscher Sprache bisher kein Fragebogen zur Verfügung, der sich an den diagnostischen Symptomen der geburtsbezogenen posttraumatischen Belastungsstörung orientiert. Darüber hinaus wurden die bestehenden Instrumente für Frauen entwickelt und das subjektive Geburtserleben von Männern wurde nur wenig untersucht. Fragebögen scheinen allerdings gut geeignet, das Geburtserleben von sowohl Müttern als auch Vätern zu erheben. So könnten Unterstützungsangebote ausgebaut werden, da mitunter auch bei medizinisch unkomplizierten Geburten von den Eltern ein negatives Geburtserlebnis geschildert wird. Neben dem Ziel den Eltern ein positives Geburtserlebnis zu ermöglichen, spielt auch die Verhinderung der Entwicklung einer subklinischen oder gar einer ausgeprägten posttraumatischen Belastungsstörung nach der Geburt eine wesentliche Rolle.

Abstract

Giving birth is an intense experience and typically accompanied by severe pain. In addition to medical complications, subjective factors are likely to affect the birth experience. These include previous experiences with pregnancy and birth, previous traumatic experiences as well as birth expectations. Various questionnaires allow a standardized assessment of birth expectations and the birth experience. However, to date there is no questionnaire available in the German language that is based on diagnostic symptoms of birth-related posttraumatic stress disorder. Furthermore, current screening-tools were developed for women while men’s perspectives have been neglected in research on the parental birth experience. Nonetheless, questionnaires seem to be well suited for the assessment of the birth experience of both mothers and fathers. In this way, support services could be expanded, since parents sometimes report a negative birth experience even in medically uncomplicated births. Along with the goal of enabling parents to have a positive birth experience, the prevention of the development of subclinical or even full-blown posttraumatic stress disorder after birth also plays an important role.

Schlüsselwörter

Prävention - Fragebögen - peripartale psychische Gesundheit - Geburtserwartungen - Geburtserleben

Key words

prevention - self-report measures - perinatal mental health - birth expectations - birth experience


Publication History

Received: 08 February 2021

Accepted after revision: 21 March 2021

Article published online:
31 May 2021

© 2021. Thieme. All rights reserved.

Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Rüdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany

 

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