Anti-Müllerian Hormone Accelerates Pathological Process of
                    Insulin Resistance in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Patients

Xiang-Juan Li; Hui Wang; Dan-Yang Lu; Tian-Tian Yu; Kamran Ullah; Xin-Yan Shi; Yong-Hai Shen; Xiao-Yang Fei; Zhen-Yun Lin; He-Feng Huang; Xian-Hua Lin

doi:10.1055/a-1499-7718

Hormone and Metabolic Research, Table of Contents

Horm Metab Res 2021; 53(08): 504-511
DOI: 10.1055/a-1499-7718

Endocrine Care

Anti-Müllerian Hormone Accelerates Pathological Process of Insulin Resistance in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Patients

Authors

Xiang-Juan Li‡

¹Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hangzhou Women's Hospital, Hangzhou, China
Hui Wang‡

²Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Songjiang District, Shanghai, China
Dan-Yang Lu

³Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
Tian-Tian Yu

³Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
Kamran Ullah

⁴Department of Biological Sciences (Zoology), University of Lakki Marwat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Xin-Yan Shi

¹Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hangzhou Women's Hospital, Hangzhou, China
Yong-Hai Shen

¹Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hangzhou Women's Hospital, Hangzhou, China
Xiao-Yang Fei

¹Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hangzhou Women's Hospital, Hangzhou, China
Zhen-Yun Lin

¹Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hangzhou Women's Hospital, Hangzhou, China
He-Feng Huang

³Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China

⁵The Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, Ministry of Education (Zhejiang University), Hangzhou, China.
Xian-Hua Lin

⁵The Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, Ministry of Education (Zhejiang University), Hangzhou, China.

Abstract

Insulin resistance (IR) is one of the most common features of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), which is related to obesity. Whether increased anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels in PCOS are involved in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance remains unclear. We investigated serum levels of leptin and AMH along with basic clinical and metabolic parameters in 114 PCOS patients and 181 non-PCOS women. PCOS patients presented higher fasting blood glucose, insulin concentrations and Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) in addition to body mass index (BMI), lipids profiles and hormone levels. HOMA-IR showed a positive correlation with BMI, AMH, leptin, and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-c) levels. Interestingly, AMH is strongly positively correlated with HOMA-IR and insulin concentrations for 1st and 2nd hours of glucose treatment after fasting. Among PCOS women with BMI≥25 kg/m², high AMH level group showed an increased HOMA-IR when compared to normal AMH level. However, among PCOS women with normal BMI, women with high AMH presented an elevated fasting insulin levels but not HOMA-IR when compared to normal AMH group. In vitro treatment of isolated islet cells with high concentration of leptin (200 ng/ml) or high leptin plus high concentration of AMH (1 ng/ml) significantly enhanced insulin secretion. Importantly, co-treatment of AMH plus leptin upregulates the expression of pro-apoptotic proteins, such as Bax, caspase-3, and caspase-8 after incubating with a high level of glucose. These results suggest that AMH may involve in the pathological process of pancreatic β-cells in obese PCOS women.

Key words

anti-Mullerian hormone - insulin resistance - apoptosis - pancreatic islet cells

Full Text

References

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