Abstract
The 2020 WHO classification is focused on the distinction between HPV-associated and
HPV-independent squamous cell carcinoma of the lower female genital organs. Differentiating
according to HPV association does not replace the process of grading; however, the
WHO classification does not recommend any specific grading system. VIN are also differentiated
according to whether they are HPV(p16)-associated. HPV-independent adenocarcinoma
(AC) of the cervix uteri has an unfavorable prognosis. Immunohistochemical p16 expression
is considered to be a surrogate marker for HPV association. HPV-associated AC of the
cervix uteri is determined using the prognostically relevant Silva pattern.
Key words
p16 immunohistochemistry - HPV - Silva pattern