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Synthesis 2022; 54(01): 92-110
DOI: 10.1055/a-1577-7638
DOI: 10.1055/a-1577-7638
short review
Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Nucleophilic Dearomatization of Electron-Deficient Heteroarenes
This work is supported by the “Thousand Youth Talents Plan” (Grant No. 15-YINGXIA), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 22001180), and with start-up funding from Sichuan University (Grant No. YJ201965). F.H. acknowledges the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 21801109), the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (Grant No. ZR2018BB019), and the Project of Shandong Province Higher Educational Science and Technology Program (Grant No. J17KA099) for financial support.
Abstract
In recent decades, transition-metal-catalyzed nucleophilic dearomatization of electron-deficient heteroarenes, such as pyridines, quinolines, isoquinolines and nitroindoles, has become a powerful method for accessing unsaturated heterocycles. This short review summarizes nucleophilic dearomatizations of electron-deficient heteroarenes with carbon- and heteroatom-based nucleophiles via transition-metal catalysis. A significant number of functionalized heterocycles are obtained via this transformation. Importantly, many of these reactions are carried out in an enantioselective manner by means of asymmetric catalysis, providing a unique method for the construction of enantioenriched heterocycles.
1 Introduction
2 Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Nucleophilic Dearomatization of Heteroarenes via Alkynylation
3 Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Nucleophilic Dearomatization of Heteroarenes via Arylation
4 Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Nucleophilic Dearomatization of Heteroarenes with Other Nucleophiles
5 Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Nucleophilic Dearomatization with Nucleophiles Formed In Situ
6 Conclusion and Outlook
Key words
transition-metal catalysis - dearomatization - nucleophilic addition - heteroarenes - C–C bond formationPublication History
Received: 23 June 2021
Accepted after revision: 03 August 2021
Accepted Manuscript online:
03 August 2021
Article published online:
09 September 2021
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For reviews, see:
For reviews on nucleophilic dearomatization of activated pyridines, see:
For selected reviews, see: