Die Behandlung des M. Parkinson aus der Perspektive der Āyurveda-Medizin

Zusammenfassung

Āyurveda bietet vielfältige wirksame Behandlungsansätze zur Behandlung des idiopathischen Parkinson-Syndroms. Da es in der klassischen āyurvedischen Literatur keine direkte Entsprechung zum modern definierten Krankheitsbild des M. Parkinson gibt, muss man stets eine individuelle Einschätzung von Krankheit und Konstitution des jeweiligen Patienten nach āyurvedischen Kriterien vornehmen. Aus āyurvedischer Sicht liegt beim Parkinson-Syndrom vor allem eine Vāta-Störung sowie eine Schwäche der Verdauungskraft vor. Aufgrund dieser Einschätzung erfolgt dann eine individuelle Therapie. Der erste Schritt in der āyurvedischen Behandlung besteht aus Empfehlungen zu Ernährung und Lebensweise.

Darüber hinaus verfügt der Āyurveda über eine reiche Arzneimittelkunde, insbesondere pflanzliche Arzneien. Im Zusammenhang mit der Behandlung des M. Parkinson haben die Samen der Juckbohne (Mucuna pruriens) eine gewisse Prominenz erlangt, da sie unter anderem L-Dopamin enthalten. Auch das Pañcakarma-Therapieverfahren, ein komplexes āyurvedisches Therapieverfahren aus ausleitenden und krankheitsbesänftigenden Therapieansätzen, bewährt sich in der Behandlung des M. Parkinson.

Abstract

Āyurveda offers multiple approaches for an effective treatment of the idiopathic Parkinson’s syndrome. Since there is no direct equivalent to the modernly defined clinical picture of Parkinson’s disease in classical Āyurvedic literature, an individual assessment of the disease and constitution of the respective patient according to Āyurvedic criteria must be made. From the Āyurvedic point of view, Parkinson’s syndrome is mainly characterized by a Vāta disturbance as well as a weakness of the digestive power. Based on this assessment, an individual therapy is then carried out. The first step in the Āyurvedic treatment consists of recommendations on diet and lifestyle.

In addition, Āyurveda has a rich pharmacology, especially herbal medicines. In connection with the treatment of Parkinson’s disease, the seeds of the velvet bean (Mucuna pruriens) have gained a certain prominence, because, among other things, they contain L-dopamine. The Pañcakarma therapy, a complex Āyurvedic therapeutic procedure consisting of purging and disease-soothing therapy approaches, also proves its worth in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease.

Schlüsselwörter

M. Parkinson - Āyurveda - Juckbohne - Mucuna pruriens - Pañcakarma

Key words

Parkinson’s disease - Āyurveda - velvet bean - Mucuna pruriens - Pañcakarma

Publication History

Article published online:
07 December 2021

• Literatur

• 1 Chopra AS. Pañcakarma-Therapie im Āyurveda. Eine gute Therapie für Gesunde und Kranke. Erfahrungsheilkunde 2012; 61 (01) 10-16
• 2 Cilia R. et al. Mucuna pruriens in Parkinson disease: A double-blind, randomized, controlled, crossover study. Neurology 2017; 89 (05) 432-438
• 3 Damodaran M. et al. Isolation of l-3:4-Dihydroxy-Phenylalanine from the seeds of Mucuna pruriens. Biochem 1937; 2149-2152
• 4 Dhanasekaran M. et al. Antiparkinson drug – Mucuna pruriens shows antioxidant and metal chlating activity. Phytother Res 2008; 22 (01) 6-11
• 5 Hegelmaier T. et al. Interventional Influence of the Intestinal Microbiome Through Dietary Intervention and Bowel Cleansing Might Improve Motor Symptoms in Parkinson’s Disease. Cells 2020; 9 (02) 376
• 6 Hussian G, Manyam BV. Mucuna pruriens proves more effective than L-DOPA in Parkinson’s disease animal model. Phytother Res 1998; 11 (06) 419-423
• 7 Katzenschlager R. et al. Mucuna pruriens in Parkinson’s disease: a double blind clinical and pharmacological study. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2004; 75 (12) 1672-7
• 8 Lieu CA. et al. A water extract of Mucuna pruriens provides long-term amelioration of parkinsonism with reduced risks of dyskinesias. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2010; 16 (07) 458-465
• 9 Manyam BV. An Approach to Establishing Efficacy and Safety of Ancient Ayurvedic Remedies by Modern Methods of Drug Development. Unpublished Manuscript for a Workshop titled Ayurvedic Identities Past and Present: The Case of Modern and Global Ayurveda at the Dharam Hinduja Institute for Indic Research, University of Cambridge; 2003
• 10 Manyam BV. et al. Neuroprotective effects of the antiparkinson drug Mucuna pruriens. Phytother Res 2004; 18 (09) 706-712
• 11 Nagashayana N. et al. Association of L-DOPA with recovery following Ayurveda medication in Parkinson’s disease. J Neurol Sci 2000; 176: 124-127
• 12 Nair SD. et al. A Complementary Approach on Olfactory Dysfunction in Parkinsons Disease – Retrospective Observational Study. International Journal of Ayurveda and Pharma Research 2020; 8 (Suppl. 01) 25-32
• 13 Pāndeya J. Śrībasavarāja kṛta Basavarājīyam. Hindī vyākhyā sahita. Vārāṇasī: Caukhambā Kṛṣṇadāsa Akādamī 2010. (Kṛṣṇadāsa Āyurveda Sīrīja 131);
• 14 Parkinson J. An Essay on the Shaking Palsy. London: Sherwood, Neely and Jones; 1817
• 15 Radder DLM. et al. Mucuna Pruriens Combined with Carbidopa in Parkinson’s Disease: A Case Report. J Parkinsons Dis 2019; 9 (02) 437-439
• 16 S3-Leitlinie Idiopathisches Parkinson-Syndrom. Im Internet: www.awmf.org/uploads/tx_szleitlinien/030–010l_S3_Parkinson_Syndrome_Idiopathisch_2016–06-abgelaufen.pdf (Stand 12.10.21)
• 17 Sharma PV. Classical Uses of Medicinal Plants. Varanasi: Chaukhambha Visvabharati; 1996. (Haridas Ayurveda Series 4)