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DOI: 10.1055/a-1695-3528
Langzeitremission bei einem Patienten mit metastasiertem Adenokarzinom des Pankreas: Aktuelle Therapiemöglichkeiten und neue Therapiealgorithmen mit Hilfe des Molekularen Tumorboards
Long-term response in advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma – a case report and literature review![](https://www.thieme-connect.de/media/zfg/202210/lookinside/thumbnails/zfg-0132_10-1055-a-1695-3528-1.jpg)
Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Das Adenokarzinom des Pankreas geht trotz verbesserter diagnostischer Möglichkeiten und neuer teilweise multimodaler Therapien mit einer sehr schlechten Prognose einher. Eine Heilung kann nur in lokalisierten Stadien mittels vollständiger Resektion erreicht werden. Da bei Diagnosestellung jedoch bereits in 45–70% der Fälle eine Fernmetastasierung vorliegt, gelten die meisten Fälle als primär inoperabel. Aufgrund neuer molekularer Erkenntnisse haben sich zielgerichtete Therapiemöglichkeiten eröffnet. Wir berichten von einem Patienten mit metastasiertem Adenokarzinom des Pankreas mit Nachweis verschiedener Mutationen, die Angriffspunkte für gezielte Therapien darstellen und erläutern mögliche Therapieansätze.
Fallbericht Bei einem Mitte 50-jährigen Patienten wurde bei abdominellen Schmerzen ein metastasiertes Adenokarzinom des Pankreas diagnostiziert. Unter einer palliativen platinhaltigen Chemotherapie mit FOLFIRINOX konnte bildgebend ein fast komplettes Ansprechen erreicht werden. Nach Nachweis einer BRCA-2-Mutation erfolgte der Einschluss in die POLO-Studie mit einer Erhaltungstherapie mit dem Poly(ADP-ribose)-Polymerase (PARP)- Inhibitor Olaparib, unter dem es nach 8 Monaten zu einem Progress kam. Es folgten Zweit- und Drittlinientherapien mit Gemcitabin in Kombination mit Nab-Paclitaxel und im Verlauf mit Erlotinib. Zudem konnte eine aktivierende Mutation im KRAS-Gen festgestellt werden. Auf eine weitere experimentelle gezielte Therapie bezüglich dieser Mutation wurde von Seiten des Patienten verzichtet.
Schlussfolgerung Die Identifizierung prädiktiver Faktoren und spezifischer therapierbarer Mutationen bei Patient*innen mit fortgeschrittenem Adenokarzinom des Pankreas scheint bei aktuell noch sehr schlechter Prognose dieser Erkrankung von großer Bedeutung, um individualisierte Therapien zu ermöglichen.
Abstract
Background Pancreatic cancer is still considered one of the most aggressive types of cancer and is associated with a very poor prognosis although there have been improvements in diagnostics and chemotherapy regimes in recent years. A cure can only be achieved through complete resection which is only possible when diagnosed at a very early stage, though this is rarely the case. We report on a patient with stage IV adenocarcinoma of the pancreas in which several therapeutically actionable mutations could be detected and discuss new options of targeted therapies.
Case Report A patient in his 50s was diagnosed with metastatic adenocarcinoma of the pancreas. The patient showed an excellent response to platinum-based chemotherapy with FOLFIRINOX. When a germline mutation in the BRCA-2 gene could be identified, he took part in the POLO-study receiving a maintenance therapy with the PARP-Inhibitor Olaparib. Due to a relapse, 2nd and 3rd line chemotherapy regimens were applied with Gemcitabine combined with Nab-Paclitaxel and later with Erlotinib. Although an activating mutation in the KRAS-gene could be detected as well, the patient rejected further experimental treatment.
Conclusion Identifying predictive factors and specific targetable mutations in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer is needed to be able to apply more individual and specific therapies in order to improve outcomes.
Schlüsselwörter
Adenokarzinom des Pankreas - Molekulare Therapie - Langzeitremission - BRCA-MutationKeywords
adenocarcinoma of the pancreas - molecular guided therapy - long time remission - BRCA-mutationPublikationsverlauf
Eingereicht: 09. Juli 2021
Angenommen nach Revision: 07. November 2021
Artikel online veröffentlicht:
14. Dezember 2021
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