Therapie der Uveitis mit Biologika

Zusammenfassung

Zielsetzung Ziel dieser Zusammenfassung ist das Vermitteln einer Übersicht zu den verschiedenen Ansatzpunkten, Wirkmechanismen und Indikationen diverser Biologika, die bei der Therapie der nichtinfektiösen Uveitis zum Einsatz kommen.

Material und Methoden Etablierte sowie aktuelle Literatur wurden herangezogen, um die biochemischen und pathophysiologischen Grundlagen sowie eine evidenzbasierte Empfehlung zum Therapieeinsatz verschiedener Biologika bei nichtinfektiöser Uveitis allgemein und bei speziellen Uveitisentitäten darzulegen.

Ergebnisse Für viele Biologika, hier nennenswert TNF-α-Inhibitoren, einige Interleukininhibitoren, Interferone sowie B- und T-Zell-Inhibitoren, liegen mittlerweile gute Daten vor, was ihren Einsatz in der Uveitistherapie mehr als rechtfertigt. Dies trifft insbesondere für den TNF-α-Inhibitor Adalimumab zu, welcher der einzig zugelassene Vertreter für diese Indikation unter den vorgestellten Biologika ist.

Schlussfolgerungen Die Biologika haben die Behandlung der Uveitis revolutioniert und sind aus der aktuellen Therapie der intraokularen Entzündung nicht mehr wegzudenken. Biologika werden bei Ineffektivität oder Unverträglichkeit konventioneller immunsuppressiver Medikamente empfohlen, aber auch bei der Therapie von schwerwiegenden Uveitisformen (z. B. Morbus Behçet). Die TNF-α-Inhibitoren sind die am häufigsten verwendeten Biologika bei Uveitis.

Schlüsselwörter

Adalimumab - Biologika - Therapie - Uveitis - intraokulare Entzündungen

• References/Literatur

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