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DOI: 10.1055/a-1742-3723
Microwave-Assisted Aminoalkylation of Phenols via Mustard Carbonate Analogues
We thank Istituto Nazionale della Previdenza Sociale (INPS) for funding the Ph.D. fellowship of Giacomo Trapasso. Prof. S. Castellano acknowledges Regione Campania (Italy) for funding (Grant B61G18000470007).
Abstract
A microwave-assisted chlorine-free direct phenol substitution is presented, which is indicated as a key green chemistry research area for pharmaceuticals manufacturers. The reaction of β-aminocarbonates (mustard carbonates) with several substituted phenols in the presence of a polar solvent (acetonitrile or butanol) led to the related aminoalkylated products via the anchimeric assistance of the nitrogen incorporated in the organic carbonate backbone. The aminoalkylation required short reaction time (7 min) and the related products were isolated in high yields (>90%) via quick liquid-liquid extraction or column chromatography depending on the solvent employed. Furthermore, microwave irradiation also promoted the one-pot aminoalkylation of phenol in excellent yield. In this approach a β-aminoalcohol was reacted with phenol in the presence of diethyl carbonate, used for the in situ formation β-aminocarbonate, key intermediate in the consequent anchimerically driven alkylation. The resulting product, namely N,N-dimethyl-2-phenoxyethanamine, was isolated as pure in almost quantitative yield.
Key words
alkylation - green chemistry - phenols - neighboring group effects - dialkyl carbonate - microwave chemistrySupporting Information
- Supporting information for this article is available online at https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1742-3723.
- Supporting Information
Publication History
Received: 05 November 2021
Accepted after revision: 17 January 2022
Accepted Manuscript online:
17 January 2022
Article published online:
01 March 2022
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