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DOI: 10.1055/a-1791-0689
Nutzung digitaler Innovationen durch Patient*innen im Versorgungsprozess – Ein Scoping Review
Patients’ Use of Digital Innovations in the Care Process: A Scoping Review
Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Digitale Innovationen der Gesundheitsversorgung werden weiterhin umfangreich erforscht und öffentlich diskutiert. Die Forschungsperspektive ist dabei häufig indikationsspezifisch oder prozessorientiert und fokussiert eine Anwendung durch Health Professionals in den jeweiligen Versorgungssettings. Aus Perspektive der Patient*innen gibt es weitere digitale Innovationen und Nutzungsmöglichkeiten, die zusätzlich zu sektoralen Versorgungsangeboten im Privaten stattfinden.
Ziel der Arbeit Die Abbildung der für Patient*innen aktuell verfügbaren digitalen Innovationen sowie ihrer Einsatzmöglichkeiten im Versorgungsprozess stehen im Zentrum des vorliegenden Scoping Reviews. Dieses exploriert folgende Fragestellung: Welche digitalen Innovationen existieren derzeit für Patient*innen in der Gesundheitsversorgung?
Material und Methoden 44 internationale Publikationen wurden anhand einer systematisierten Literaturrecherche in vier Datenbanken für die Analyse identifiziert. Sie wurden nach den Arten digitaler Innovationen, ihrer Nutzung durch Patient*innen, sowie ihrer Verortung innerhalb des Versorgungsprozesses kategorisiert und analysiert. Darüber hinaus wurden die Intentionen diskutiert, mit denen digitale Innovationen angewendet werden können.
Ergebnisse Aktuell konzentriert sich die Forschung auf durch Patient*innen angewendete digitale Innovationen im Therapiebereich. Es entsteht ein breites Anwendungsspektrum von Interfaces zur digitalen Versorgung. Hierzu zählen Apps, Smart-Devices, Telekonsultation, Patient*innenportale, Games, Implantate, Robotik, intelligente Informations- und Kommunikationssysteme oder Ambient-Assisted-Living-Umgebungen.
Schlussfolgerung Viele digital gestützte Gesundheitsanwendungen haben die ausschließlich eigenständige Nutzung durch Patient*innen zum Ziel oder werden in nur teilweiser Interaktion mit Versorger*innen ausgeführt. Insofern könnte die aktive Teilhabe und Eigenverantwortung von Patient*innen im Behandlungsprozess mithilfe digitaler Innovationen gestärkt werden.
Abstract
Background Digital innovations in healthcare continue to be extensively researched and publicly discussed. The research perspective is often indication-specific or process-oriented and focuses on an application by health professionals in care settings. From the patient’s perspective, there are additional digital innovations and opportunities for use that take place privately in addition to sectoral care services.
Aim The aim of this scoping review was to map digital innovations currently available for patients and their possible applications in the care process by exploring the following question: Which digital innovations are currently available for patients in health care?
Material and methods A systematic literature search in four databases helped identify 44 international publications as relevant for our analysis. They were categorized and analyzed according to the types of digital innovations, their use by patients, and their location within the care process. In addition, the intentions whereby digital innovations can be applied were discussed.
Results We found that current research was focused on patient-applied digital innovations in the therapeutic field, and a broad application spectrum of interfaces for digital care was emerging. These included apps, smart devices, teleconsultation, patient portals, games, implants, robotics, intelligent information and communication systems, and ambient assisted living environments.
Conclusion Many digitally supported health applications are designed to be used exclusively by patients themselves, or are performed in only partial interaction with providers. In this respect, the active participation and personal responsibility of patients in the treatment process could be strengthened with the help of digital innovations.
Schlüsselwörter
Innovation - Digitalisierung - Patienten - Individualisierung - GesundheitsversorgungPublication History
Article published online:
02 June 2022
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