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CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Int J Sports Med 2022; 43(12): 996-1012
DOI: 10.1055/a-1795-2940
Review

Effect of Exercise Training on Arterial Stiffness in Overweight or Obese Populations

Lijing Gong 
1   Key Laboratory of Exercise and Physical Fitness, Ministry of Education, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
,
Yujia Liu
2   Physical education, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
› Author Affiliations Funding This analysis was based upon work funded by the Jiangsu Provincial Natural Science Foundation for Youth of China (Grant No. BK20190999), Xuzhou Science and Technology Project for Youths (Grant No. KC21029), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China (Grant No. 2021TD012).
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Abstract

The purpose was to analyze the effects of exercise training (ET) on arterial stiffness in all-age overweight or obese individuals. Sixty-one trials were included with ET improving flow-mediated dilation (FMD), pulse wave velocity (PWV), and intima-media thickness (IMT). In the subgroup analysis: (i) ET improved FMD in overweight or obese children and adolescents with a large effect size (SMD=0.83, 95% CI 0.42–1.25). PWV was decreased after ET regardless of age. IMT was decreased by ET in participants younger than 60, (ii) ET improved FMD, PWV, and IMT in participants whose BMI were smaller than 30 kg/m2, but ET only improved PWV of participants whose BMI were larger than 30 kg/m2. (iii) AE improved FMD, PWV, and IMT. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) decreased IMT. (iv) The increase of FMD only happened when training duration was longer than eight weeks. However, ET decreased PWV when the training duration was no longer than 12 weeks. IMT was decreased when the training duration was longer than eight weeks. ET instigated an improvement in endothelial function and arterial stiffness in overweight or obese populations, but depending on the different characteristics of exercise intervention and participants’ demographics.

Key words

exercise training - overweight; obesity - endothelial-independent function - arterial stiffness - meta-analysis

Supplementary Material



Publication History

Received: 23 September 2021

Accepted: 10 February 2022

Article published online:
25 April 2022

© 2022. The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial-License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commercial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

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