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Z Gastroenterol 2023; 61(06): 683-689
DOI: 10.1055/a-1821-9108
Übersicht

Typ-2-Diabetes mellitus und gastrointestinale Krebsvorsorge

Type-2-diabetes and gastrointestinal cancer screening
Hans Scherübl
1   Klinik für Innere Medizin; Gastroenterol., GI Onkol. u. Infektiol., Vivantes Klinikum Am Urban, Berlin, Germany
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Zusammenfassung

In Deutschland sind mehr als 8 Millionen Menschen diabeteskrank. Patienten mit Typ-2-Diabetes mellitus (T2D) haben ein erhöhtes Risiko für gastrointestinale Adenokarzinome, sie erkranken z.T. früher und weisen i.d.R. ein ungünstigeres, tumorspezifisches 5-Jahres-Überleben auf als Stoffwechselgesunde. Krebs ist nun die Haupttodesursache von Menschen mit T2D. Die chronische Hyperglykämie und die Insulinresistenz können das Wachstum von gastrointestinalen Tumoren begünstigen. So kann T2D Adenokarzinome des Dickdarms, der Bauchspeicheldrüse, der Gallenblase, der Gallengänge, der Leber, des Magens und der Speiseröhre verursachen. Ein gesunder Lebensstil und die Teilnahme an Vorsorgeuntersuchungen sind wichtig und können das tumorbedingte Erkrankungs- und Sterberisiko von T2D-Patienten erheblich verringern.

Abstract

More than 8000000 Germans suffer from diabetes. People with type-2-diabetes (T2D) are at increased risk of gastrointestinal adenocarcinomas. They often develop cancer at younger age and their tumor-specific 5-year-survival is generally shorter. Cancer has become the leading cause of death of T2D-patients. Both chronic hyperglycemia and insulin resistance can stimulate gastrointestinal (GI) tumor growth. T2D can cause colorectal, pancreatic, hepatocellular, biliary and gastric cancer as well as esophageal adenocarcinoma. Both low-risk lifestyle and gastrointestinal cancer screening are effective and reduce GI cancer risk and GI cancer mortality of T2D-patients.

Schlüsselwörter

kolorektales Karzinom - Leberkrebs - Magenkarzinom - Ösophaguskarzinom - Pankreaskarzinom

Keywords

colorectal cancer - hepatocellular carcinoma - gastric cancer - esophageal cancer - pancreatic cancer


Publication History

Received: 18 January 2022

Accepted: 04 April 2022

Article published online:
13 June 2022

© 2022. Thieme. All rights reserved.

Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Rüdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany

 

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