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Semin Liver Dis 2022; 42(03): 401-412
DOI: 10.1055/a-1862-9088
Review Article

Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Current Global Burden

Mohamed El-Kassas
1   Endemic Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
,
Joaquín Cabezas
2   Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department, University Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain
3   Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Research Institute Valdecilla (IDIVAL), Santander, Spain
,
Paula Iruzubieta Coz
2   Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department, University Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain
3   Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Research Institute Valdecilla (IDIVAL), Santander, Spain
,
Ming-Hua Zheng
4   NAFLD Research Center, Department of Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
5   Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment for the Development of Chronic Liver Disease in Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China
,
Juan Pablo Arab
6   Departamento de Gastroenterología, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
7   Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine, Western University & London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada
,
Abeer Awad
8   Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
› Author Affiliations Funding None.
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Abstract

The map and global disease burden of chronic liver diseases are markedly changing, with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) becoming the most common cause of liver diseases coinciding with the current epidemics of obesity, type 2 diabetes, and metabolic syndrome. Understanding the incidence and prevalence of NAFLD is critical because of its linkage to a significant economic burden of hospitalization and changing patterns in consequences, such as liver transplantation. Moreover, the long-term average health care expenses of NAFLD patients have exceeded those of other liver diseases. To lessen the imminent burden of NAFLD, immediate actions to raise worldwide awareness and address metabolic risk factors are required. This review summarizes key data about the global disease burden of NAFLD, modifiable and nonmodifiable risk factors, and current preventive approaches.

Keywords

NAFLD - steatosis - fatty liver disease - disease burden - prevention - epidemiology - prevalence


Publication History

Accepted Manuscript online:
26 May 2022

Article published online:
24 August 2022

© 2022. Thieme. All rights reserved.

Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc.
333 Seventh Avenue, 18th Floor, New York, NY 10001, USA

 

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