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Planta Med 2023; 89(02): 183-193
DOI: 10.1055/a-1903-2387
Biological and Pharmacological Activity
Original Papers

Neuroprotective Properties of Chlorogenic Acid and 4,5-Caffeoylquinic Acid from Brazilian arnica (Lychnophora ericoides) after Acute Retinal Ischemia

José Luiz Liberato
1   Department of Biology, College of Philosophy, Sciences and Literature (FFCLRP), University of São Paulo, Brazil
2   Instituto de Neurociências e Comportamento, INeC, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
,
Marcela Nunes Rosa
1   Department of Biology, College of Philosophy, Sciences and Literature (FFCLRP), University of São Paulo, Brazil
,
Matheus C. Romeiro Miranda
1   Department of Biology, College of Philosophy, Sciences and Literature (FFCLRP), University of São Paulo, Brazil
,
João Luís Callegari Lopes
3   NPPNS, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
,
Norberto Peporine Lopes 
3   NPPNS, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
,
Leonardo Gobbo-Neto
3   NPPNS, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
,
Andreia C. K. Fontana
4   Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, USA
,
Wagner Ferreira dos Santos
1   Department of Biology, College of Philosophy, Sciences and Literature (FFCLRP), University of São Paulo, Brazil
2   Instituto de Neurociências e Comportamento, INeC, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
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Abstract

Lychnophora is a genus of South American flowering plants in the daisy family, popularly known as “Brazilian arnica”. It is used in traditional medicine as an anti-inflammatory and analgesic agent, whose active components are derived from chlorogenic acid (CGA) and C-flavonoids. Since the drugs currently used are ineffective to treat glaucoma, agents with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties may represent new alternatives in preventing cellular lesions in retinal ischemia. In this study, we report the neuroprotective effects of CGA and 4,5-di-O-[E]-caffeoylquinic (CQA) acid, isolated from Lychnophora plants, in a rodent glaucoma model. Wistar rats were administered intravitreally with 10 µg CGA or CGA, and then subjected to acute retinal ischemia (ISC) by increasing intraocular pressure (IPO) for 45 minutes followed (or not) by 15 minutes of reperfusion (I/R). Qualitative and quantitative analyses of neurodegeneration were performed using hematoxylin-eosin or Fluoro-Jade C staining protocols. All retinas submitted to ISC or I/R exhibited matrix disorganization, pyknotic nuclei, and pronounced vacuolization of the cytoplasm in the ganglion cell layer (GCL) and inner nuclear layer (INL). Pretreatment with CGA or CQA resulted in the protection of the retinal layers against matrix disorganization and a reduction in the number of vacuolized cells and pyknotic nuclei. Also, pretreatment with CGA or CQA resulted in a significant reduction in neuronal death in the GCL, the INL, and the outer nuclear layer (ONL) after ischemic insult. Our study demonstrated that CGA and CQA exhibit neuroprotective activities in retinas subjected to ISC and I/R induced by IPO in Wistar rats.

Key words

Lychnophora ericoides, compositae - Asteraceae - 4,5-di-O-[E]-caffeoylquinic acid - chlorogenic acid - acute rat retinal ischemia - neuroprotection


Publication History

Received: 28 March 2022

Accepted after revision: 27 June 2022

Article published online:
11 October 2022

© 2022. Thieme. All rights reserved.

Georg Thieme Verlag KG
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