Pigeon Rotavirus A as the cause of systemic infection in juvenile pigeons (young pigeon disease)

Abstract

Recent investigations suggested pigeon associated Rotavirus Typ A genotype G18P[17] (RVA) as a causative agent of the classical ‘young pigeon disease’ (YPD). YPD was first described in the late 1980 s as an acute, mainly seasonally recurring disorder of mostly juvenile domestic pigeons (Columba livia) with clinical signs such as anorexia, dairrhea, vomiting, congested crops, weight loss and occasionally mortality. Various studies in the past indicated a multifactorial nature of YPD. Several pathogens, such as pigeon circovirus 1, avian adenoviruses and Escherichia coli were also suggested, but none of these could reproduce the disease experimentally. However, the impact of other pathogens on the clinical development of YPD cannot be excluded and requires further investigation. This present review summarizes available information on RVA-induced disease in pigeons, its association with YPD, the transmission, and diagnosis of the infection, and on prophylactic strategies to prevent RVA outbreaks.

Zusammenfassung

Jüngst veröffentlichte Studien belegen, dass Rotavirus A des Genotyps G18P[17] (RVA) Erkrankungen hervorrufen kann, die dem klinischen Bild der Jungtaubenkrankheit (JTK) entsprechen. Bei der Jungtaubenkrankheit handelt es sich um eine meist saisonal wiederkehrende Erkrankung junger Haustauben, die erstmals Ende der 1980er Jahre beschrieben wurde und durch Appetitlosigkeit, Durchfall, Erbrechen, mit Futter und Wasser angestaute Kröpfe sowie Gewichtsverlust und eine hohe Mortalität gekennzeichnet ist. In der Vergangenheit wurde spekuliert, dass es sich bei der JTK um ein multifaktorielles Krankheitsgeschehen handeln könnte. Tauben-Circovirus 1, Adenoviren und Escherichia coli wurden beispielsweise als potenziell beteiligte Erreger diskutiert. Ein epidemiologischer Zusammenhang oder eine Reproduktion des Krankheitsbildes konnte jedoch nicht belegt werden. Ein Einfluss anderer Erreger auf den Verlauf der YPD kann jedoch zum jetzigen Zeitpunkt nicht ausgeschlossen werden und bedarf weiterer Untersuchungen.

Dieser Übersichtsartikel fasst die bisherigen Kenntnisse zur Geschichte der JTK, das durch Rotavirus Typ A induzierte Krankheitsbild, Übertragungsmöglichkeiten des RVA sowie Diagnose und Präventionsstrategien zur Vorbeugung von RVA-Ausbrüchen zusammen.

Key words

Pigeon-type Rotavirus A - young pigeon disease - mortality - transmission - vaccines - lineages

Schlüsselwörter

Taubentyp Rotavirus A - Jungtaubenkrankheit - Mortalität - Transmission - Impfung - Lineages

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