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DOI: 10.1055/a-1916-9180
The Posttraumatic Impact of Recurrent Pregnancy Loss in Both Women and Men
Posttraumatische Auswirkungen von wiederholten Spontanaborten bei Frauen wie Männern Clinical Trial: Registration number (trial ID): DRKS00014965 | Title of the study: “Erleben von und Umgang mit wiederholten Fehlgeburten bei Frauen und ihren Partnern”Abstract
Introduction Recurrent pregnancy loss is usually associated with significant psychological distress for both partners of the couple. It may act as a traumatic experience resulting in a posttraumatic stress disorder. The object of this study is to examine the posttraumatic impact of recurrent pregnancy loss on men and women and their interdependencies.
Methods Cross-sectional study. All couples referred to the special unit for recurrent pregnancy loss between March 2019 and October 2020 were asked to participate with a sample size of 105 couples and 17 women. They were invited to complete a questionnaire package estimating the prevalence of posttraumatic stress, with anxiety, depression, lack of social support and dysfunctional coping strategies as contributing risk factors. Couple data were analysed with the Actor Partner Interdependence Model, taking the couple as a dyad.
Results The response rate was 82.3 percent, with posttraumatic stress being measured in 13.7% of the women versus 3.9% of the men (p = 0.017). For women, number of curettages, controlled for the number of losses, correlated with the severity of posttraumatic stress (p < 0.05). Higher levels of anxiety, depression and lack of social support in women correlated positively with posttraumatic stress in their partners. The men’s coping strategy “trivialization and wishful thinking” as well as “avoidance” correlated with more severe posttraumatic stress in the female partners (both p < 0.05).
Conclusion The posttraumatic risks within a couple with recurrent pregnancy loss are interdependent. Recurrent pregnancy loss clinics should assess posttraumatic risks of both partners in their routine diagnostic process.
Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Wiederholte Spontanaborte sind oft mit einer erheblichen psychischen Belastung für Paare behaftet. Die Verluste können als traumatisches Ereignis wirken, was zu einer posttraumatischen Belastungsstörung führen kann. Ziel dieser Studie ist es, die posttraumatische Belastung durch wiederholte Spontanaborte bei Männern und Frauen sowie deren Wechselwirkungen zu untersuchen.
Methoden Es handelt sich um eine Querschnittsstudie. Von März 2019 bis Oktober 2020 wurden alle Paare, die in der Spezialsprechstunde für wiederholte Spontanaborte vorstellig wurden, gefragt, ob sie an der Studie teilnehmen möchten. Die Stichprobengröße betrug 105 Paare und 17 Frauen. Die Paare wurden gebeten, ein Fragebogenpaket zur Einschätzung ihrer psychischen Risiken wie posttraumatischer Stress, Ängstlichkeit, Depression, Mangel an sozialer Unterstützung sowie ihrer Bewältigungsstrategien auszufüllen. Die Paardaten wurden mit dem Akteur-Partner-Interdependenz-Modell analysiert, in dem das Paar als Dyade betrachtet wird.
Ergebnisse Die Rücklaufquote betrug 82,3 %. Bei 13,7 % der Frauen und 3,9 % der Männer (p = 0,017) zeigte sich posttraumatischer Stress. Bei Frauen korrelierte die Anzahl der Kürettagen, kontrolliert auf die Anzahl von Fehlgeburten, mit der Ausprägung des posttraumatischen Stresses (p < 0,05). Höhere Werte bei Ängstlichkeit, Depression und dem Mangel an sozialer Unterstützung der Frauen zeigte eine positive Korrelation mit dem posttraumatischen Stress ihres Partners. Die Bewältigungsstrategie „Trivialisierung und Wunschdenken“ wie auch ein Vermeidungsverhalten des Mannes korrelierten mit einem höheren Grad an posttraumatischem Stress ihrer Partnerinnen (jeweils p < 0,05).
Schlussfolgerung Das posttraumatische Risiko innerhalb eines Paares mit wiederholten Spontanaborten zeigt eine gegenseitige Beeinflussung. In Sprechstunden für wiederholte Spontanaborte sollte dieses Risiko im Rahmen der Routinediagnostik mit erfasst werden.
Schlüsselwörter
wiederholte Spontanaborte - posttraumatischer Stress - Geschlechterunterschiede - emotionaler StressPublication History
Received: 17 June 2022
Accepted after revision: 02 August 2022
Article published online:
11 January 2023
© 2023. The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial-License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commercial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
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