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Tierarztl Prax Ausg K Kleintiere Heimtiere 2022; 50(05): 361-369
DOI: 10.1055/a-1945-5622
DOI: 10.1055/a-1945-5622
Übersichtsartikel
Prophylaxe der kaninen Parvovirose
Teil 4: ImpfversagenPrevention of canine parvovirosisPart 4: Vaccination failure
Zusammenfassung
Obwohl Impfstoffe gegen das canine Parvovirus (CPV) weltweit eingesetzt werden, tritt die Parvovirose vor allem bei jungen Hunden nach wie vor vergleichsweise häufig auf. Der vorliegende Übersichtsartikel konzentriert sich auf die Ursachen für ein Impfversagen. Hierfür kommen unterschiedlichste Faktoren in Betracht, die den Hund selbst oder seine Umwelt betreffen. So gibt es genetisch bedingt Hunde, die keine Antikörper (Non-Responder) oder nur sehr niedrige Konzentrationen an Antikörpern (Low-Responder) nach einer CPV-Impfung ausbilden. Der Impferfolg kann auch durch andere intrinsische Faktoren (z. B. Gewicht, Alter, Reproduktions- und Ernährungsstatus, Krankheiten) und/oder extrinsische Faktoren (z. B. Stress, Belastung, Medikamente) beeinträchtigt werden. Neben Ursachen, die den individuellen Hund betreffen, kann ein Impfversagen auch durch eine reduzierte immunisierende Eigenschaft des Impfstoffs bedingt sein; hierfür kommt eine Vielzahl verschiedener Faktoren in Betracht (z. B. Herstellung, Lagerung, Applikation).
Abstract
Although vaccines against canine parvovirus (CPV) are used worldwide, CPV infection still occurs relatively commonly, mainly in young dogs. This review article focuses on different causes of vaccination failures. Various factors affecting the dog itself or its environment can be responsible. A subset of dogs fail to develop antibodies (non-responders) or produce only very low antibody titers (low-responders) following vaccination against CPV for genetic reasons. In addition, vaccination efficacy can be affected by other intrinsic factors (e. g., weight, age, reproductive, and nutritional status, diseases) and/or extrinsic factors (e. g., stress, physical strain, medications). In addition to these causes affecting the individual dog, vaccine failure can also be caused by reduced immunizing properties of the vaccine itself. A variety of different factors (e. g., manufacturing, storage, application) can be responsible for this effect.
Publikationsverlauf
Eingereicht: 18. März 2022
Angenommen: 24. Juni 2022
Artikel online veröffentlicht:
02. November 2022
© 2022. Thieme. All rights reserved.
Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Rüdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany
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