Funktionelle Magnetresonanztomografie – Update

Die funktionelle Magnetresonanztomografie (fMRT) hat unser Verständnis der Hirnfunktion erweitert und trägt weiterhin zum Erkenntnisgewinn in der neurologischen und psychiatrischen Forschung bei. Die zunehmend hohe Auflösung der Daten, standardisierte Analyseprotokolle und innovative statistische Modelle – einschließlich maschinellem Lernen – öffnen Möglichkeiten zur Diagnostik und Therapie neuropsychiatrischer Erkrankungen.

Abstract

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) contributes significantly to our understanding of neurological and psychiatric disorders. Its non-invasive nature, combined with advances in data acquisition and statistical analysis, including machine learning, makes it a valuable tool for investigating brain function in increasingly larger cohorts, including patients with more severe deficits. The aim of this article is to provide clinicians and clinical scientists with an update on new developments in the use of fMRI in neurology. After a brief historical background, the review covers the methodological basics, focusing on the three most commonly used paradigms: task fMRI, resting-state fMRI and movie fMRI. Moreover, applications of fMRT in neurological research are discussed, ranging from pre-surgical recordings in single patients, activity and connectivity analyses groups, up to predictive models based on large cohorts. By integrating multimodal approaches and applying them to larger and more diverse patient cohorts, fMRI may help to further refine neurophysiological and pathophysiological models. This could ultimately lead to more precise diagnostic procedures and personalised treatment options.

Publication History

Article published online:
06 December 2024

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