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DOI: 10.1055/a-2000-7087
Glaubensvorgänge und Glaubensinhalte
Neurowissenschaftliche Perspektiven für alte FragenProcesses of believing and contents of beliefsNeuroscientific perspectives for old questions
ZUSAMMENFASSUNG
Glaubensvorgänge sind Ausdruck von Hirnfunktion, die der Entstehung von Glaubensinhalten zugrunde liegen. Glaubensvorgänge beruhen auf der Integration von Wahrnehmungs- und Bewertungsvorgängen und ermöglichen eine implizite Verhaltenssteuerung. Die Integration der Wahrnehmung von Objekten und Ereignissen in der Umgebung mit internen emotionalen Zuständen des Individuums führt zu primären Glaubensinhalten. Glaubensinhalte sind komplexe Repräsentationen von subjektiver Relevanz und spiegeln Wahrscheinlichkeiten wider. Sie werden im Gedächtnis gespeichert und beinhalten den Erfahrungshorizont von Individuen. Konzeptuelle Glaubensinhalte sind sprachabhängig und beruhen auf Narrativen, die durch Riten verstärkt werden können. Glaubensinhalte können zwischen Menschen kommuniziert werden und ermöglichen die Weitergabe von subjektiven Erfahrungen. In diesem Beitrag wird das Entstehen, die Modifikation und die pathologische Ausprägung von Glaubensinhalten beschrieben. Im Ausblick wird eine Perspektive auf die sozio-kulturelle Bedeutung von Glaubensvorgängen aufgezeigt.
ABSTRACT
Believing is a fundamental brain function of high complexity. It involves perceptual and evaluative processes that build the basis for an implicit guidance of behavior. Believing results in probabilistic representations of personal relevance, e. g. beliefs, that are stored in memory from where they can be retrieved. The rapidly evolving integration of perception of objects and events in an individual’s environment with their affective meaning for the individual results in so-called primal beliefs. They represent the experiential horizon of individuals. Conceptual beliefs are language-dependent and based on narratives and ritual acts. They can be communicated between different individuals allowing for the exchange of personal experience. Here, the formation, updating, and pathological occurrence of beliefs are described. Finally, a perspective of the socio-cultural implications of the processes of believing will be outlined.
Schlüsselwörter
Credition - Entscheiden - Glauben - Wahrnehmung - Bewertung - Vertrauen - Intuition - Narrative - RitualeKey words
Credition - decision making - believing - beliefs - perception - valuation - trust - intuition - narratives - ritualsPublication History
Article published online:
03 May 2023
© 2023. The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial-License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commercial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Stuttgart · New York
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