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Endoscopy 2023; 55(04): 361-389
DOI: 10.1055/a-2031-0874
Technical Review

Endoscopic submucosal dissection techniques and technology: European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) Technical Review

Diogo Libânio  ‡
 1   Department of Gastroenterology, Portuguese Oncology Institute – Porto, Portugal
 2   MEDCIDS, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
 3   Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (Porto.CCC) & RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Porto, Portugal
,
Pedro Pimentel-Nunes  ‡
 4   Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, FMUP, Porto, Portugal
 5   Gastroenterology, Unilabs, Portugal,
,
Barbara Bastiaansen
 6   Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
,
Raf Bisschops 
 7   Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospitals Leuven, TARGID, Leuven, Belgium
,
Michael J. Bourke
 8   Department of Gastroenterology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia
 9   Western Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
,
Pierre H. Deprez 
10   Department of Hepatogastroenterology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
,
Gianluca Esposito 
11   Department of Surgical and Medical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Sant’Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
,
Arnaud Lemmers 
12   Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatopancreatology and Digestive Oncology, CUB Erasme Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
,
Philippe Leclercq 
 7   Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospitals Leuven, TARGID, Leuven, Belgium
,
Roberta Maselli
13   Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy. Endoscopy Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center IRCCS, Rozzano, Italy
,
Helmut Messmann
14   Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospital Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
,
Oliver Pech
15   Department of Gastroenterology and Interventional Endoscopy, Krankenhaus Barmherzige Brueder Regensburg, Germany
,
Mathieu Pioche
16   Endoscopy and Gastroenterology Unit, Edouard Herriot Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
,
Michael Vieth
17   Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Klinikum Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
,
Bas L.A.M. Weusten
18   Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
19   University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, The Netherlands
,
Lorenzo Fuccio 
20   Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Gastroenterology Unit, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
,
Pradeep Bhandari
21   Department of Gastroenterology, Queen Alexandra Hospital, Portsmouth, UK
,
Mario Dinis-Ribeiro
 1   Department of Gastroenterology, Portuguese Oncology Institute – Porto, Portugal
 2   MEDCIDS, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
 3   Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (Porto.CCC) & RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Porto, Portugal
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Abstract

ESGE suggests conventional endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD; marking and mucosal incision followed by circumferential incision and stepwise submucosal dissection) for most esophageal and gastric lesions. ESGE suggests tunneling ESD for esophageal lesions involving more than two-thirds of the esophageal circumference. ESGE recommends the pocket-creation method for colorectal ESD, at least if traction devices are not used. The use of dedicated ESD knives with size adequate to the location/thickness of the gastrointestinal wall is recommended. It is suggested that isotonic saline or viscous solutions can be used for submucosal injection. ESGE recommends traction methods in esophageal and colorectal ESD and in selected gastric lesions. After gastric ESD, coagulation of visible vessels is recommended, and post-procedural high dose proton pump inhibitor (PPI) (or vonoprazan). ESGE recommends against routine closure of the ESD defect, except in duodenal ESD. ESGE recommends corticosteroids after resection of  > 50 % of the esophageal circumference. The use of carbon dioxide when performing ESD is recommended. ESGE recommends against the performance of second-look endoscopy after ESD. ESGE recommends endoscopy/colonoscopy in the case of significant bleeding (hemodynamic instability, drop in hemoglobin > 2 g/dL, severe ongoing bleeding) to perform endoscopic hemostasis with thermal methods or clipping; hemostatic powders represent rescue therapies. ESGE recommends closure of immediate perforations with clips (through-the-scope or cap-mounted, depending on the size and shape of the perforation), as soon as possible but ideally after securing a good plane for further dissection.

Tables 1 s–8 s



Publication History

Article published online:
07 March 2023

© 2023. European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy. All rights reserved.

Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Rüdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany

 

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