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Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2023; 131(09): 463-471
DOI: 10.1055/a-2095-2074
Article

Age at Menarche, Menopause Status and Metabolic Syndrome and its Components: Findings from the Henan Rural Cohort Study

Xueyan Wu‡
1   Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China.
,
Du Zhen‡
2   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China.
,
Xiaotian Liu
1   Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China.
,
Wei Liao
1   Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China.
,
Xiaokang Dong
1   Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China.
,
Jing Yang
1   Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China.
,
Bing Zhao
2   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China.
,
Chongjian Wang
1   Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China.
› Author Affiliations Fundref Information Discipline Key Research and Development Program of Zhengzhou University — XKZDQY202008, XKZDQY202002; Foundation of National Key Program of Research and Development of China — 2016YFC0900803; Key Research Program of Colleges and Universities in Henan Province — 21A330007; The Science and Technology Innovation Team Support Plan of Colleges and Universities in Henan Province — 21IRTSTHN029; National Natural Science Foundation of China — http://dx.doi.org/ 10.13039/501100001809; 81930092, 81602925, 82003543

Clinical Trial Registration The Henan Rural Cohort Study has been registered at Chinese Clinical Trial Register (Registration number: ChiCTR-OOC-15006699). Date of registration: 2015–07–06. URL: http://www.chictr.org.cn/ showproj.aspx?proj = 11375
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Abstract

Introduction To evaluate the effect of age at menarche on metabolic syndrome (Mets) and its components and explore the impact of menopause status on the association between age at menarche and Mets in rural Chinese women.

Methods This cross-sectional study enrolled 23382 women from the Henan Rural Cohort study. The relationship between age at menarche and Mets was assessed using logistic regression and restricted cubic spline. Interaction plots were used to describe interactive effects of age at menarche and menopause status on Mets.

Results Age at menarche was inversely associated with the risk of Mets with the adjusted OR of 1.16, 0.98, 1.00, 0.82, and 0.77, respectively, for those with age at menarche≤13, 14, 15–16 (reference), 17, and≥18 years. Each year of delay in menarche age correlated with a 6.2% (P<0.001) lower risk of Mets. Among the components of Mets, an inverse association was observed between age at menarche and central obesity (OR (95% CI): 0.92 (0.90, 0.94)), abnormal FPG (OR (95% CI): 0.96 (0.94, 0.97)), abnormal BP (OR (95% CI): 0.967 (0.95, 0.98)), abnormal TG (OR (95% CI): 0.96 (0.94, 0.97)), and abnormal HDL-C (OR (95% CI): 0.96 (0.95, 0.98)). Significant interactions were discovered between age at menarche, menopause status, and the risk of Mets, central obesity, abnormal FPG, abnormal BP, and abnormal TG (all P interaction<0.001). The adverse effect of menopausal status on Mets, central obesity, abnormal FPG, abnormal BP, and abnormal TG decreased with delayed age at menarche.

Conclusions Later menarche was associated with a lower risk of Mets. More importantly, the deleterious effect of menopause status on Mets decreased with the increase in age at menarche.

Key words

age at menarche - metabolic syndrom - menopause status - interaction effect - rural population

Supplementary Material



Publication History

Received: 25 October 2022
Received: 26 April 2023

Accepted: 08 May 2023

Article published online:
07 August 2023

© 2023. Thieme. All rights reserved.

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