Volkskrankheit diabetische Retinopathie

Zusammenfassung

Die diabetische Retinopathie (DR) ist eine der häufigsten Komplikationen von Diabetes mellitus und eine der häufigsten Ursachen einer Sehminderung im Erwerbsalter in der westlichen Welt. Die Behandlung der DR hängt von der Ausprägung ab, daher ist es von großer Bedeutung, die Patienten möglichst früh zu detektieren, um eine frühzeitige Behandlung einzuleiten und das Sehvermögen zu erhalten. Trotz derzeit unzureichender Screeningteilnahme frequentieren Menschen mit Diabetes bereits überdurchschnittlich häufig augenärztliche Praxen und Kliniken. Ihre Betreuung samt Diagnostik und Therapie nimmt seit Jahren einen wachsenden Anteil der augenärztlichen Tätigkeit ein. Da weltweit die Diabetesprävalenz dramatisch zunimmt und auch für Deutschland eine weitere Zunahme prognostiziert wird, dürfte die Herausforderung für die Augenärztinnen und Augenärzte noch erheblich wachsen. Gleichzeitig werden die diagnostischen Möglichkeiten zur Differenzierung einer DR und die therapeutischen Maßnahmen – gerade mit der IVOM-Therapie – immer aufwendiger, was die zeitliche Belastung im klinischen Alltag erhöht. Die Hoffnung, Versorgungsengpässe zu vermeiden und Screeningraten sowie die Visusprognose bei Patienten mit DR weiter zu verbessern, beruht u. a. auf einem kameraassistierten Screening, unterstützt durch künstliche Intelligenz. Auch eine bessere Diabetesbehandlung, um die Prävalenz der DR zu senken, sowie länger wirksamere Medikamente für die Behandlung einer DR könnten in der Zukunft die Versorgung der Betroffenen verbessern und helfen, augenärztliche Praxen zu entlasten.

Schlüsselwörter

diabetische Retinopathie - diabetisches Makulaödem - Vorsorgeuntersuchung - Diabetes mellitus

Publikationsverlauf

Eingereicht: 11. Mai 2023

Angenommen: 19. Mai 2023

Artikel online veröffentlicht:
04. September 2023

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