Notfallmedizinisch relevante Komplikationen der Leberzirrhose

Aufgrund der zunehmenden Inzidenz der Leberzirrhose [1] in den letzten Jahren stellt die dekompensierte Leberzirrhose einen häufigen Grund für eine Vorstellung in einer Notaufnahme dar. Wegen des breiten Spektrums an möglichen Akutkomplikationen, die frühzeitig erkannt und adäquat anbehandelt werden müssen, ist ein strukturiertes Vorgehen für eine erfolgreiche Therapie essenziell.

Kernaussagen

• Die Leberzirrhose ist eine chronische Lebererkrankung mit steigender Prävalenz, die durch die vielfältige Ausprägung ihrer Komplikationen eine Herausforderung in der Notfallversorgung darstellen kann.

• Ein gutes Verständnis der Pathophysiologie hilft, die relevanten Akutkomplikationen als solche zu erkennen.

• Aufgabe der Notfallmedizin ist es, die richtigen diagnostischen Schritte zu gehen und die Akutbehandlung einzuleiten.

• Über die unmittelbare Akutbehandlung hinaus ist die Anbahnung einer strukturierten Betreuung erforderlich, um wiederholte und prognostisch relevante Komplikationen zu vermeiden.

• Zudem ist die besondere Situation von betroffenen Patienten zu berücksichtigen, die durch sozioökonomische Faktoren wie auch ein dem Krankheitsbild der Leberzirrhose anhaftendes Stigma häufig einen erschwerten Zugang zu unserem Gesundheitssystem haben.

Schlüsselwörter

Hepatopathie - Lebererkrankungen - Blutung - Peritonitis - akut-auf-chronisches Leberversagen - portale Hypertension

Publikationsverlauf

Artikel online veröffentlicht:
25. Juni 2024

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