Die Effekte von hochintensivem Intervalltraining in Fällen mit Rekonstruktion des anterioren Kreuzbandes

Zusammenfassung

Ziel Ziel dieser Studie ist es, die Auswirkungen eines sechswöchigen (dreimal pro Woche) hochintensiven Intervalltrainings (HIIT) im Wingate-Stil auf Kraft, Propriozeption, Flexibilität, Laxheit, Leistung und Körperzusammensetzung bei Probanden zu untersuchen, die sich einer Rekonstruktion des vorderen Kreuzbandes (ACL) mit der Methode der Oberschenkel-Autotransplantation unterzogen haben.

Material und Methoden Im Rahmen der Studie wurden 29 Freiwillige, die sich vor mindestens sechs Monaten einer autotransplantierten Kreuzbandrekonstruktion der Oberschenkelmuskulatur unterzogen hatten, randomisiert und in zwei Gruppen, HİİT (n=15) und Kontrollgruppen (n=14), aufgeteilt. Nach den ersten Beurteilungen wurde der Wingate-Stil HİİT sechs Wochen lang an drei Tagen in der Woche auf die Versuchsgruppe angewendet. Die Kontrollgruppe setzte ihren normalen Lebensstil und ihre normalen Bewegungsgewohnheiten fort. Nach sechs Wochen erfolgten abschließende Auswertungen. Nach Erhalt der demografischen Informationen der Probanden wurde die Körperzusammensetzung mit Tanita gemessen. Anschließend wurden eine Messung der Knielaxität mit einem GNRB-Arthrometer, 30°- und 60°-Propriozeption mit einem isokinetischen Dynamometer sowie Muskelkraftmessungen (Quadrizeps femoris, Oberschenkelmuskulatur (konzentrisch/exzentrisch) bei 60°/Sek.) und Ausdauermessungen bei 180°/Sek. durchgeführt. Sitz- und Reichweitentest für Flexibilität und Leistungsparameter (Einbeinsprung, Vertikalsprung, Beweglichkeit) wurden gemessen.

Ergebnisse Den Ergebnissen zufolge wurde eine signifikante Abnahme der Körperzusammensetzung ( p < 0,001), Steigerung der Kraft im konzentrischen Quadrizeps (p < 0,001) und der hinteren Oberschenkelmuskulatur (p < 0,001). Eine Verbesserung wurde bei Leistungstests wie < 0,001), Vertikalsprung (p < 0,001), Einbein-Sprungtest (p < 0,001), Beweglichkeit (p < 0,001) und seitlich operierten (30° und 60°) Propriozeptionstests (p < 0) beobachtet .005). Eine bessere Steigerung der exzentrischen Kraft (p > 0,005), eine Steigerung der Ausdauerkraft um 180°/s (p > 0,005) und eine bessere Flexibilität (p > 0,005) traten jedoch bei den Quadrizeps- und Oberschenkelmuskeln nicht besser auf als in der Kontrollgruppe.

Schlussfolgerungen Aufgrund dieser Ergebnisse geht man davon aus, dass HIIT zu aktuellen Physiotherapieprogrammen hinzugefügt werden kann, da es zu positiven Verbesserungen der Körperzusammensetzung, der Wiederherstellung der Muskelkraft, der operierten seitlichen Propriozeption und der Steigerung der Leistungsparameter führt, ohne die Knielaxität nach einer ACL-Rekonstruktion zu erhöhen.

Abstract

Objective This study aims to investigate the effects of six weeks (three times a week) Wingate style high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on strength, proprioception, flexibility, laxity, performance, and body composition in subjects who have undergone anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction with the hamstring autograft method.

Material and Methods Within the scope of the study, 29 volunteers who had undergone hamstring autograft ACL reconstruction at least six months ago were randomized and divided into two groups HİİT (n=15) and control (n=14) groups. After the initial assessments, the Wingate style HİİT was applied to the experimental group three days a week for six weeks. The control group continued their normal lifestyle and exercise habits. After six weeks, final evaluations were made. After obtaining the subjects’ demographic information, body composition was measured with Tanita. Then, knee laxity measurement with GNRB arthrometer, 30° and 60° proprioception assessed with an isokinetic dynamometer, muscle strength (quadriceps femoris, hamstring (concentric/eccentric) at 60°/sec and endurance measurements at 180°/sec were performed respectively. Sit and reach test for flexibility and performance (single leg jump, vertical jump, agility) parameters were measured.

Results According to the findings, significant decrease in body composition (p < 0.001), increase in strength in concentric quadriceps (p < 0.001) and hamstring muscles (p < 0.001), Improvement was observed in performance tests such as < 0.001), vertical jump (p < 0.001), single-leg hop test (p < 0.001), agility (p < 0.001), and operated side (30° and 60°) proprioception tests (p < 0.005). However, better eccentric strength increase (p > 0.005), 180°/sec endurance strength increase (p > 0.005), and flexibility (p > 0.005) did not occur in the quadriceps and hamstring muscles better than control group.

Conclusions With these results, it is thought that HIIT can be added to current physiotherapy programs as it provides positive enhancements in body composition, restoring muscle strength, operated side proprioception, and increasing performance parameters without increasing knee laxity after ACL reconstruction.

Schlüsselwörter

Rekonstruktion des vorderen Kreuzbandes - hochintensives Intervalltraining - Flexibilität - Leistung - Muskelkraft - Beweglichkeit

Key words

anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction - high-intensity interval training - flexibility - performance - muscle strength - agility

Publication History

Received: 24 July 2023

Accepted: 20 October 2023

Article published online:
13 December 2023

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