Von disseminierten Tumorzellen zur ctDNA – Liquid Biopsies im Mammakarzinom und die Erkenntnisse der letzten 20 Jahre

Zusammenfassung

Liquid Biopsies, blutbasierte Biomarker, haben einen immer größer werdenden Stellenwert in der Überwachung und Therapiesteuerung onkologischer Erkrankungen erreicht. Beim frühen Mammakarzinom gehen dem bildgebend nachgewiesen Lokal- oder Fernrezidiv oft monate- bis jahrelang Tumorresiduen voraus (minimale Resterkrankung, MRD), welche durch die immer sensitiver werdenden Methoden nachgewiesen werden können. Den aktuell größten klinischen Stellenwert haben zirkulierende Tumorzellen und freie Tumor-DNA. Eine bessere Überwachung im Sinne einer intensivierten Nachsorge kann ein neues Therapiefenster zwischen der frühen Brustkrebserkrankung und der metastasierten Situation eröffnen. Durch eine post-adjuvante Therapie kann so die Prognose der Patient*innen potenziell deutlich verbessert werden.

Abstract

Liquid biopsies, blood-based biomarkers, are becoming increasingly important in the monitoring and treatment management of oncological diseases. In early breast cancer, local or distant recurrence is often preceded by minimal residual disease (MRD) by months or years, which can be detected using increasingly sensitive methods. At present, the greatest clinical significance lies in circulating tumor cells and cell-free tumor DNA. Better monitoring in the sense of intensified Surveillance can open up a new therapy window between early breast cancer and the metastasized situation. Through post-adjuvant therapeutic strategies, the prognosis of patients can potentially be improved.

Schlüsselwörter

Nachsorge - Liquid Biopsy - Minimale Resterkrankung

Keywords

Surveillance - Liquid Biopsies - Minimal Residual Disease

Publication History

Article published online:
13 September 2024

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