Transition-Metal-Catalyzed C–H Activation Reactions for the Creation and Modification of Organic Fluorophores

Abstract

Organic fluorophores have consistently garnered significant interest owing to their widespread application across various multidisciplinary research fields. In the realm of biological research, these organic fluorophores find extensive use in diverse applications such as molecular imaging, DNA sequencing, drug discovery, and biosensors. Remarkably, in recent times, organic fluorescent molecules have emerged as pivotal elements in the advancement of organic electronics. Across several reaction pathways developed for constructing and modifying organic fluorophores, transition-metal-catalyzed C–H activation reactions have come across as a dependable and step-economical approach. In this review we discuss various transition-metal-catalyzed C–H activation-based approaches that have been employed to create and modify organic fluorescent molecules which find applications in multidisciplinary research areas.

1 Introduction

2 Basic Reactions for the Creation of Organic Fluorophores

3 Merits and Drawbacks of Classical Reactions in the Creation and Modification of Organic Fluorophores

4 C–H Activation/Functionalization Reactions

5 C–H Activation Pathways in the Creation and Modification of Organic­ Fluorophores

5.1 Electrophilic C–H Activation Reactions

5.2 Heteroatom-Directed C–H Activation Reactions

6 Conclusion

Key words

organic fluorophores - transition metal catalysis - C–H activation - annulation - C–H functionalization

Publication History

Received: 29 December 2023

Accepted after revision: 06 February 2024

Accepted Manuscript online:
06 February 2024

Article published online:
11 March 2024

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