Nosokomiale Pneumonien – Teil 2: Präventionsmaßnahmen

Nosokomiale Pneumonien zählen nach wie vor zu den häufigsten Infektionen, die im Krankenhaus erworben werden. Während für Beatmungs-assoziierte Pneumonien zahlreiche Studien mit evidenzbasierten Empfehlungen vorliegen, ist die Datenlage zu nichtbeatmeten Patienten mit nosokomialer Pneumonie bezüglich Präventionsmaßnahmen mit nachgewiesener Wirksamkeit spärlich.

Kernaussagen

• Die konsequente Einhaltung der Basishygienemaßnahmen, sowie der fachgerechte Umgang mit Beatmungszubehör und eine aseptische Technik beim Absaugen sind zur Vermeidung exogener Infektionen unerlässlich.

• Bewährt hat sich die Einführung von stationsspezifisch ausgewählten, evidenzbasierten infektionspräventiven Bündeln, die aktiv etabliert und im laufenden Prozess unter Zuhilfenahme der Surveillance-Ergebnisse reevaluiert und ggf. modifiziert werden sollen.

• Die Anwendung von Chlorhexidin zur Mundpflege bei beatmeten Patienten wird nicht mehr empfohlen.

Schlüsselwörter

Pneumonie - Intensivstation - Probiotika - Chlorhexidin - Beatmung - nosokomiale Infektionen

Publication History

Article published online:
22 May 2024

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