Reactive Arthritis Following COVID-19 Vaccination: Report of Three Cases

Abstract

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative agent of the coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic, which has affected the entire world. The development of COVID-19 vaccines has helped to slow the spread of the virus. However, as with vaccines against other infectious diseases, adverse events can occur with COVID-19 vaccines. Here we present 3 cases of acute arthritis following COVID-19 vaccination and a comprehensive review of the existing literature.

Keywords

SARS-CoV-2 - COVID-19 - vaccine - reactive arthritis

Schlüsselwörter

SARS-CoV-2 - COVID-19 - Impfstoff - Reaktive Arthritis

Publication History

Article published online:
10 July 2024

• References

• 1 Umakanthan S, Sahu P, Ranade AV. et al. Origin, transmission, diagnosis and management of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Postgrad Med J 2020; 96: 753-758
• 2 Rutkowski K, Mirakian R, Till S. et al. Adverse reactions to COVID-19 vaccines: A practical approach. Clin Exp Allergy 2021; 51: 770-777
• 3 Cai C, Peng Y, Shen E. et al. A comprehensive analysis of the efficacy and safety of COVID-19 vaccines. Mol Ther 2021; 29: 2794-2805
• 4 Painter EM, Ussery EN, Patel A. et al. Demographic Characteristics of Persons Vaccinated During the First Month of the COVID-19 Vaccination Program – United States, December 14, 2020-January 14, 2021. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2021; 70: 174-177
• 5 Vadalà M, Poddighe D, Laurino C. et al. Vaccination and autoimmune diseases: is prevention of adverse health effects on the horizon?. EPMA J 2017; 8: 295-311
• 6 An Q-J, Qin D-A, Pei J-X. Reactive arthritis after COVID-19 vaccination. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2021; 17: 2954-2956
• 7 Unal Enginar A. Arthritis following COVID-19 vaccination: report of two cases. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 101: 108256
• 8 Li X, Tong X, Yeung WWY. et al. Two-dose COVID-19 vaccination and possible arthritis flare among patients with rheumatoid arthritis in Hong Kong. Ann Rheum Dis 2022; 81: 564-568
• 9 Hyun H, Song JY, Seong H. et al. Polyarthralgia and Myalgia Syndrome after ChAdOx1 nCOV-19 Vaccination. J Korean Med Sci 2021; 36: e245
• 10 Dighriri IM, Alhusayni KM, Mobarki AY. et al. Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine (BNT162b2) Side Effects: A Systematic Review. Cureus 2022;
• 11 Velikova T, Georgiev T. SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and autoimmune diseases amidst the COVID-19 crisis. Rheumatol Int 2021; 41: 509-518
• 12 Soriano A, Nesher G, Shoenfeld Y. Predicting post-vaccination autoimmunity: Who might be at risk?. Pharmacol Res 2015; 92: 18-22
• 13 Chen C-C, Chen C-J. New-onset inflammatory arthritis after COVID-19 vaccination: A systematic review. Int J Rheum Dis 2023; 26: 267-277
• 14 Teijaro JR, Farber DL. COVID-19 vaccines: modes of immune activation and future challenges. Nat Rev Immunol 2021; 21: 195-197
• 15 Watanabe T, Minaga K, Hara A. et al. Case Report: New-Onset Rheumatoid Arthritis Following COVID-19 Vaccination. Front Immunol 2022; 13: 859926
• 16 Tsui FWL, Xi N, Rohekar S. et al. Toll-like receptor 2 variants are associated with acute reactive arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 2008; 58: 3436-3438
• 17 Jara LJ, Vera-Lastra O, Mahroum N. et al. Autoimmune post-COVID vaccine syndromes: does the spectrum of autoimmune/inflammatory syndrome expand?. Clin Rheumatol 2022; 41: 1603-1609
• 18 Asakawa J, Kobayashi S, Kaneda K. et al. Reactive arthritis after influenza vaccination: report of a case. Mod Rheumatol 2005; 15: 283-285
• 19 Sahin N, Salli A, Enginar AU. et al. Reactive arthritis following tetanus vaccination: a case report. Mod Rheumatol 2009; 19: 209-211
• 20 Zeidler H, Hudson AP. Reactive Arthritis Update: Spotlight on New and Rare Infectious Agents Implicated as Pathogens. Curr Rheumatol Rep 2021; 23: 53
• 21 Venigalla SSK, Premakumar S, Janakiraman V. A possible role for autoimmunity through molecular mimicry in alphavirus mediated arthritis. Sci Rep 2020; 10: 938
• 22 Ursini F, Ruscitti P, Raimondo V. et al. Spectrum of short-term inflammatory musculoskeletal manifestations after COVID-19 vaccine administration: a report of 66 cases. Ann Rheum Dis 2022; 81: 440-441
• 23 Mv P, Auanassova A, Yessirkepov M. et al. New-onset systemic vasculitis following SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination: the trigger, phenotype, and outcome. Clin Rheumatol 2023; 42: 2761-2775
• 24 Baimukhamedov C, Makhmudov S, Botabekova A. Seropositive rheumatoid arthritis after vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 infection. Int J Rheum Dis 2021; 24: 1440-1441
• 25 Kocyigit BF, Akyol A. Reactive arthritis after COVID-19: a case-based review. Rheumatol Int 2021; 41: 2031-2039
• 26 Bekaryssova D, Yessirkepov M, Zimba O. et al. Reactive arthritis before and after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. Clin Rheumatol 2022; 41: 1641-1652
• 27 Selmi C, Gershwin ME. Diagnosis and classification of reactive arthritis. Autoimmun Rev 2014; 13: 546-549
• 28 Nakafero G, Grainge MJ, Card T. et al. Is vaccination against COVID-19 associated with autoimmune rheumatic disease flare? A self-controlled case series analysis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2023; 62: 1445-1450
• 29 Šinkovec Savšek T, Zajc Avramovič M, Avčin T. et al. Disease relapse rate in children with autoimmune rheumatic diseases after COVID-19 infection and vaccination. Pediatr Rheumatol Online J 2023; 21: 46