Differenzialdiagnose der altersabhängigen Makuladegeneration

Zusammenfassung

Die Diagnose der altersabhängigen Makuladegeneration (AMD) kann einen Einschnitt im Leben von Patienten bedeuten. Vor diesem Hintergrund ist es wichtig, Differenzialdiagnosen in Erwägung zu ziehen, da diese sich hinsichtlich Prognose, Vererblichkeit, Kontroll- und Therapiebedarf beträchtlich von der AMD unterscheiden können. Differenzialdiagnosen sind vor allem andere Makulaerkrankungen mit Drusen, drusenähnlichen Veränderungen, weitere monogene Netzhautdystrophien sowie ein breites Spektrum weiterer, oftmals seltener Makulaerkrankungen. In dieser Übersicht werden anhand klinischer Beispiele Befundkonstellationen gezeigt, bei denen eine Differenzialdiagnose der AMD in Erwägung gezogen werden sollte. Unter anderem beinhaltet dies Patienten mit autosomal-dominanten Drusen, Sorsby-Fundusdystrophie, Pachydrusen, spät beginnendem Morbus Stargardt, extensive makuläre Atrophie mit Pseudodrusen (EMAP), Pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE), North-Carolina-Makuladystrophie, mitochondriale Retinopathie, Benign Yellow Dot Maculopathy, kuppel- oder leistenförmige Makulopathie und makuläre Teleangiektasien Typ 2.

Schlüsselwörter

altersabhängige Makuladegeneration - AMD - Differenzialdiagnose - multimodale Bildgebung

• References/Literatur

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