Der Stoffwechsel und die Motivation: Ein
                    Teufelskreis?

Alina Chloé Kretschmer; Sita Arjune; Sharmili Edwin Thanarajah; Ruth Hanssen

doi:10.1055/a-2339-9667

Adipositas - Ursachen, Folgeerkrankungen, Therapie, Table of Contents

Adipositas - Ursachen, Folgeerkrankungen, Therapie 2024; 18(03): 100-106
DOI: 10.1055/a-2339-9667

Review

Der Stoffwechsel und die Motivation: Ein Teufelskreis?

Metabolism and Motivation: A Vicious Circle?

Alina Chloé Kretschmer‡

¹Medizinische Fakultät und Universitätsklinikum Köln, Poliklinik für Endokrinologie, Diabetologie und Präventivmedizin (PEPD), Universität zu Köln, Köln, Deutschland

,

Sita Arjune‡

¹Medizinische Fakultät und Universitätsklinikum Köln, Poliklinik für Endokrinologie, Diabetologie und Präventivmedizin (PEPD), Universität zu Köln, Köln, Deutschland

,

Sharmili Edwin Thanarajah

²Max-Planck-Institut für Stoffwechselforschung, Köln, Köln, Deutschland

³Klinik für Psychiatrie, Psychotherapie und Psychosomatik, Universitätsklinikum, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Deutschland

,

Ruth Hanssen

¹Medizinische Fakultät und Universitätsklinikum Köln, Poliklinik für Endokrinologie, Diabetologie und Präventivmedizin (PEPD), Universität zu Köln, Köln, Deutschland

²Max-Planck-Institut für Stoffwechselforschung, Köln, Köln, Deutschland

› Author Affiliations

Abstract

Zusammenfassung

Die zunehmende Adipositas-Pandemie stellt eines der größten Gesundheitsprobleme des 21. Jahrhunderts dar, mit zahlreichen Komorbiditäten und dramatisch erhöhter Morbidität und Mortalität. Während übermäßige Nahrungsaufnahme und verminderte körperliche Aktivität als Hauptursachen bekannt sind, bleiben die zugrundeliegenden Mechanismen dieses maladaptiven langfristig gesundheitsschädlichen Verhaltens unzureichend verstanden. Dieser Artikel beleuchtet die Rolle des mesolimbischen dopaminergen Systems in Entscheidungsprozessen für belohnungsbezogenes Verhalten, insbesondere in Bezug auf Ernährung, sowie die pathophysiologische Dysregulation dieser Verhaltensprozesse bei Adipositas. Da das Zusammenspiel von Stoffwechselsignalen und Umweltreizen im Gehirn wesentlich unser adaptives Verhalten steuert, könnte ein besseres Verständnis dieser Prozesse zu wirksameren präventiven und therapeutischen Strategien für Adipositas und ihre Folgen führen.

Abstract

The growing obesity pandemic is one of the biggest health problems of the 21st century, with numerous comorbidities and dramatically increased morbidity and mortality. While excessive food intake and reduced physical activity are known to be the main causes, the underlying mechanisms of this maladaptive long-term harmful behaviour remain poorly understood. This narrative review examines the role of the mesolimbic dopaminergic system in decision-making processes for reward-related behaviour, especially with regard to nutrition, as well as the pathophysiological dysregulation of these behavioural processes in obesity. As the integration of metabolic signals and environmental stimuli on a neural level significantly controls our adaptive behaviour, a better understanding of these processes could lead to more effective preventive and therapeutic strategies for obesity and its consequences.

Schlüsselwörter

Adipositas - Motivation - Assoziationslernen - Dopamin - Insulinresistenz

Keywords

obesity - motivation - association learning - dopamine - insulin resistance

Full Text

References

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