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Int J Sports Med 2024; 45(12): 884-896
DOI: 10.1055/a-2342-2154
Physiology & Biochemistry

Preconditioning by Moderate-Intensity Exercise Prevents Gentamicin-Induced Acute Kidney Injury

Esdras Guedes Fonseca
1   Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
,
Ana Paula Araújo-Ferreira
1   Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
,
Markus Berger
2   Hospital das Clinicas, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
,
Leda Maria Castro Coimbra-Campos
1   Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
,
Roberta Silva Filha
1   Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
,
Leticia Maria de Souza Cordeiro 
1   Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
,
Mariana Rodrigues Campos
1   Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
,
Laura Barroso Ferreira Oliveira
1   Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
,
Marcelo Vidigal Caliari
3   Department of Pathology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
,
Lucio Ricardo Leite Diniz
4   Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceio, Brazil
,
Fabiana Alves
1   Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
,
Almir Souza Martins
1   Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
,
Diogo Barros Peruchetti
1   Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
5   INCT-NanoBiofar, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
,
Maria Aparecida Ribeiro Vieira
1   Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
› Author Affiliations Funding Information Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior — http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100002322; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico — http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100003593; Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais — http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004901; APQ-02637–10
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Abstract

A strict correlation among proximal tubule epithelial cell dysfunction, proteinuria, and modulation of the Renin-Angiotensin System and Kalikrein-Kinin System are crucial factors in the pathogenesis of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI). In this study, we investigated the potential protective effect of preconditioning by moderate-intensity aerobic exercise on gentamicin-induced AKI. Male Wistar rats were submitted to a moderate-intensity treadmill exercise protocol for 8 weeks, and then injected with 80 mg/kg/day s.c. gentamicin for 5 consecutive days. Four groups were generated: 1) NT+SAL (control); 2) NT+AKI (non-trained with AKI); 3) T+SAL (trained); and 4) T+AKI (trained with AKI). The NT+AKI group presented: 1) impairment in glomerular function parameters; 2) increased fractional excretion of Na + , K + , and water; 4) proteinuria and increased urinary γ-glutamyl transferase activity (a marker of tubular injury) accompanied by acute tubular necrosis; 5) an increased renal angiotensin-converting enzyme and bradykinin B1 receptor mRNA expression. Interestingly, the preconditioning by moderate-intensity aerobic exercise attenuated all alterations observed in gentamicin-induced AKI (T+AKI group). Taken together, our results show that the preconditioning by moderate-intensity aerobic exercise ameliorates the development of gentamicin-induced AKI. Our findings help to expand the current knowledge regarding the effect of physical exercise on kidneys during physiological and pathological conditions.

Keywords

acute kidney injury - gentamicin - moderate-intensity aerobic exercise - proteinuria - Renin-Angiotensin System - Kallikrein-Kinin System


Publication History

Received: 05 February 2024

Accepted: 03 June 2024

Article published online:
19 July 2024

© 2024. Thieme. All rights reserved.

Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Rüdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany

 

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