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CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · J Neurol Surg Rep 2024; 85(03): e156-e160
DOI: 10.1055/a-2342-4086
Case Report

Microvascular Decompression: An Effective Approach for Trigeminal Neuralgia Caused by a Dolichoectatic Basilar Artery after Multiple Treatment Failures

Filippos Chelmis 
1   Faculty of Medicine, Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski,” Sofia, Bulgaria
,
Paraskevas Pakataridis
1   Faculty of Medicine, Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski,” Sofia, Bulgaria
,
Iliana Sorotou
1   Faculty of Medicine, Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski,” Sofia, Bulgaria
,
Anastasios Tzineris
1   Faculty of Medicine, Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski,” Sofia, Bulgaria
,
Christo Ranguelov
2   Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Sofiamed, Sofia, Bulgaria
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Abstract

Trigeminal neuralgia (TN), characterized by recurrent episodes of intense facial pain, poses diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. TN can be triggered by many factors, with rare cases (< 0.05% of the general population) associated with vertebrobasilar dolichoectasia (VBD). Our study analyzes a 74-year-old male patient with 10 years of constant unbearable left-sided facial pain, unresponsive to medications and multiple glycerol rhizotomies, performed in other centers which prompted the patient to seek care at our clinic. The confirmation of left-sided VBD by magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography angiography, and the patient's overall satisfactory health status favored open surgery with microvascular decompression (MVD). We performed a retrosigmoid suboccipital craniotomy to reach the cerebellopontine angle, ensuring that it is the dolichoectatic basilar artery applying compression to the trigeminal nerve. We inserted a shredded Teflon implant into the trigeminal cistern following its opening. Care was exercised to ensure that there were no remaining factors causing compression. Postoperatively, pain relief was achieved, sustained at an 8-month follow-up. Treating TN arising from VBD can be difficult. The patient's overall health status and assessment play a key role in determining the appropriate course of treatment. Opting for MVD is the optimal and most effective choice, regardless of age, according to the recent literature. In cases where surgery is not feasible, the treatment options will involve medications and less invasive therapeutic approaches such as peripheral rhizotomies or stereotactic radiosurgery. Our case highlights the efficacy of MVD in addressing TN associated with VBD, underscoring the need for advanced treatment modalities and expertise in managing complex cases.

Keywords

trigeminal neuralgia - vertebrobasilar dolichoectasia - microvascular decompression - peripheral rhizotomies - surgical intervention - neuropathic pain


Publication History

Received: 02 March 2024

Accepted: 05 June 2024

Accepted Manuscript online:
12 September 2024

Article published online:
27 September 2024

© 2024. The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commercial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

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