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CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Planta Med 2024; 90(11): 844-857
DOI: 10.1055/a-2353-1469
Biological and Pharmacological Activity
Original Papers

Two Olea europaea L. Extracts Reduce Harmful Effects in a Model of Neurotoxicity: Involvement of the Endoplasmic Reticulum

Jessica Maiuolo‡
1   Department of Health Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
,
Sonia Bonacci‡
1   Department of Health Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
,
Francesca Bosco
2   Department of Health Science, School of Medicine and Surgery, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
,
Lorenza Guarnieri
2   Department of Health Science, School of Medicine and Surgery, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
,
Stefano Ruga
2   Department of Health Science, School of Medicine and Surgery, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
,
Antonio Leo
2   Department of Health Science, School of Medicine and Surgery, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
3   System and Applied Pharmacology@University Magna Grecia, Science of Health Department, School of Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
,
Rita Citraro
2   Department of Health Science, School of Medicine and Surgery, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
3   System and Applied Pharmacology@University Magna Grecia, Science of Health Department, School of Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
,
Salvatore Ragusa
4   PLANTA/Research, Documentation and Training Center, Palermo, Italy
,
Ernesto Palma
1   Department of Health Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
,
Vincenzo Mollace
1   Department of Health Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
,
Giovambattista De Sarro
2   Department of Health Science, School of Medicine and Surgery, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
3   System and Applied Pharmacology@University Magna Grecia, Science of Health Department, School of Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
› Author AffiliationsWork supported by #NEXTGENERATIONEU (NGEU) and fund. by the Ministry of Univ. and Research (MUR), Nat. Recov. and Resil. Plan (NRRP), project MNESYS (PE0000006) – a multisc. integr. approach to the study of the nervous system in health and disease (DN. 1553 11. 10.2022),and the European Commissionʼs FESR FSE 2014–2020 and POR CALABRIA FESR AZIONE 1.5.1 “Support for research infrastructures considered critical/crucial for regional systems” Nuova Piattaforma di Farmacologia Integrata e Tecnologie Avanzate.
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Abstract

Prolonged exposure to lead has been recognized as harmful to human health as it may cause neurotoxic effects including mitochondrial damage, apoptosis, excitotoxicity, and myelin formation alterations, among others. Numerous data have shown that consuming olive oil and its valuable components could reduce neurotoxicity and degenerative conditions. Olive oil is traditionally obtained from olive trees; this plant (Olea europaea L.) is an evergreen fruit tree.

In this manuscript, two extracts have been used and compared: the extract from the leaves of Olea europaea L. (OE) and the extract derived from OE but with a further sonication process (s-OE). Therefore, the objectives of this experimental work were as follows: 1) to generate an innovative extract; 2) to test both extracts on a model of neurotoxicity of human neurons induced following lead exposure; and 3) to study the mechanisms behind lead-induced neurotoxicity.

The results showed that the mechanism involved in the neurotoxicity of lead included dysfunction of the cellular endoplasmic reticulum, which suffered oxidative damage. In addition, in all experiments, s-OE was more effective than OE, having greater and better effects against lead-induced damage and being dissolved in a smaller amount of EtOH, which promotes its sustainability.

Keywords

Olea europaea - Oleaceae - endoplasmic reticulum - oxidative damage - neurons - lead


Publication History

Received: 18 March 2024

Accepted after revision: 10 June 2024

Accepted Manuscript online:
26 June 2024

Article published online:
06 August 2024

© 2024. The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commecial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

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