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CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Thromb Haemost
DOI: 10.1055/a-2407-1400
Review Article

Handheld Point-of-Care Devices for Snakebite Coagulopathy: A Scoping Review

Michael Abouyannis 
1   Centre for Snakebite Research and Interventions, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom
,
Amy E. Marriott
1   Centre for Snakebite Research and Interventions, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom
2   Department of Infection Biology and Microbiomes, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
,
Emma Stars
1   Centre for Snakebite Research and Interventions, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom
,
Dianne P. Kitchen
3   UK National External Quality Assessment Scheme for Blood Coagulation (UK NEQAS BC), Sheffield, United Kingdom
,
Steve Kitchen
3   UK National External Quality Assessment Scheme for Blood Coagulation (UK NEQAS BC), Sheffield, United Kingdom
,
Tim A. L. Woods
3   UK National External Quality Assessment Scheme for Blood Coagulation (UK NEQAS BC), Sheffield, United Kingdom
,
Benno Kreuels
4   Department of Implementation Research, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
,
John H. Amuasi
4   Department of Implementation Research, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
5   Department of Global Health, School of Public Health, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
,
Wuelton M. Monteiro
6   College of Health Sciences, University of the State of Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil
7   Department of Teaching and Research, Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, Brazil
,
Ymkje Stienstra
1   Centre for Snakebite Research and Interventions, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom
8   Department of Internal Medicine/Infectious Diseases, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
,
Subramanian Senthilkumaran
9   Department of Emergency and Critical Care, Manian Medical Centre, Erode, Tamil Nadu, India
,
Geoff K. Isbister
10   Clinical Toxicology Research Group, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
,
David G. Lalloo
1   Centre for Snakebite Research and Interventions, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom
,
Stuart Ainsworth
1   Centre for Snakebite Research and Interventions, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom
2   Department of Infection Biology and Microbiomes, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
,
Nicholas R. Casewell
1   Centre for Snakebite Research and Interventions, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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Abstract

Venom-induced consumption coagulopathy (VICC) is a common complication of snakebite that is associated with hypofibrinogenemia, bleeding, disability, and death. In remote tropical settings, where most snakebites occur, the 20-minute whole blood clotting test is used to diagnose VICC. Point-of-care (POC) coagulation devices could provide an accessible means of detecting VICC that is better standardized, quantifiable, and more accurate. In this scoping review, the mechanistic reasons that previously studied POC devices have failed in VICC are considered, and evidence-based recommendations are made to prioritize certain devices for clinical validation studies. Four small studies have evaluated a POC international normalized ratio (INR) device in patients with Australian Elapid, Daboia russelii, and Echis carinatus envenoming. The devices assessed in these studies either relied on a thrombin substrate endpoint, which is known to underestimate INR in patients with hypofibrinogenemia, have been recalled due to poor accuracy, or have since been discontinued. Sixteen commercially available POC devices for measuring INR, activated clotting time, activated partial thromboplastin time, fibrinogen, D-dimer, and fibrin(ogen) degradation products have been reviewed. POC INR devices that detect fibrin clot formation, as well as a novel POC device that quantifies fibrinogen were identified, which show promise for use in patients with VICC. These devices could support more accurate allocation of antivenom, reduce the time to antivenom administration, and provide improved clinical trial outcome measurement instruments. There is an urgent need for these promising POC coagulation devices to be validated in prospective clinical snakebite studies.

Keywords

blood coagulation - point-of-care - snakebites - snake venoms

Supplementary Material



Publikationsverlauf

Eingereicht: 15. Mai 2024

Angenommen: 17. August 2024

Accepted Manuscript online:
30. August 2024

Artikel online veröffentlicht:
19. November 2024

© 2024. The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commercial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Rüdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany

 

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