Expert Opinion for Defining a Severe Bleeding Phenotype to Guide Prophylaxis in Patients with Nonsevere Hemophilia

Abstract

Prophylaxis is the standard of care for patients with severe hemophilia, patients with moderate hemophilia, or those with another congenital bleeding disorder that is associated with a severe bleeding phenotype and/or a high risk of spontaneous life-threatening bleeding. Patients with nonsevere hemophilia (factor VIII [FVIII] ≥ 1%) may also have a bleeding phenotype that requires prophylaxis. To date, however, there are no clear criteria as to when prophylaxis is indicated in these patients. Also, the term “severe bleeding phenotype (SBPT)” is neither included in the definitions of the International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis (ISTH) nor specified in the World Federation of Hemophilia (WFH) guidelines. Based on our personal experience and available evidence, we propose the criteria we use to define an SBPT and when we consider offering prophylaxis in patients with nonsevere hemophilia. Our proposals can be the basis for discussions in the community about the assessment of SBPT and the initiation of prophylaxis in patients with nonsevere hemophilia without inhibitors.

Zusammenfassung

Für Patienten mit schwerer Hämophilie und für einige Patienten mit mittelschwerer Hämophilie oder mit einer anderen angeborenen Blutungsneigung, die mit einem schweren Blutungsphänotyp (SBPT) und/oder einem hohen Risiko für spontane lebensbedrohliche Blutungen einhergeht, ist die Prophylaxe die Standardbehandlung. Auch Patienten mit nicht-schwerer Hämophilie [Faktor VIII (FVIII) ≥ 1%] können einen Blutungsphänotyp haben, der eine Prophylaxe erfordert. Bisher gibt es aber keine klaren Kriterien, wann eine Prophylaxe bei diesen Patienten indiziert ist. Darüber hinaus ist der Begriff SBPT in den Definitionen der International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis (ISTH) nicht aufgeführt und in den World Federation of Hemophilia (WFH)-Guidelines nicht spezifiziert. Wir beschreiben anhand unserer persönlichen Erfahrungen und vorliegender Evidenz, anhand welcher Kriterien wir einen SBPT definieren und wann wir Patienten mit nicht-schwerer Hämophilie eine Prophylaxe anbieten. Unsere Vorschläge können als Basis einer Diskussion unter den Hämophiliebehandlern über die Einschätzung eines SBPT und den Prophylaxe-Beginn bei Patienten mit nicht-schwerer Hämophilie ohne Hemmkörper dienen.

Keywords

nonsevere hemophilia - moderate hemophilia - severe bleeding phenotype - prophylaxis - expert opinion

Schlüsselwörter

nicht-schwere Hämophilie - mittelschwere Hämophilia - schwerer Blutungsphänotyp - Prophylaxe - Expertenmeinung

Publikationsverlauf

Eingereicht: 07. März 2024

Angenommen: 06. September 2024

Artikel online veröffentlicht:
12. November 2024

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