Different molecular imaging methods for localization and diagnosis of a mesenchymal tumor causing osteomalacia.

Introduction

Tumor-induced osteomalacia (TIO), also known as oncogenic osteomalacia (OOM), is a rare paraneoplastic syndrome caused by phosphaturic mesenchymal tumors (PMT) [1]. Although several hundred cases have been reported, the overall incidence remains unknown [1]. TIO is characterized by bone and muscle pain, pathologic fractures, weakness, and fatigue [1]. It typically affects adults, but has also been reported in children [1] [2]. The primary phosphatonin associated with TIO is fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF-23), which leads to decreased tubular phosphate reabsorption, phosphaturia, and inhibited vitamin D activation, resulting in hypophosphatemia, bone demineralization, osteomalacia, and fractures [1]. Other causes of osteomalacia include severe vitamin D deficiency, hypophosphatemic rickets, renal or parathyroid disease, and certain drugs or toxins [1] [2] [3].

Publikationsverlauf

Eingereicht: 09. September 2024

Angenommen: 09. Oktober 2024

Artikel online veröffentlicht:
20. November 2024

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