Key Messages of the Iodine Deficiency Working Group (AKJ): Maternal Hypothyroxinemia Due to Iodine Deficiency and Endocrine Disruptors as Risks for Child Neurocognitive Development

Rolf Grossklaus; Klaus-Peter Liesenkötter; Klaus Doubek; Henry Völzke; Roland Gaertner

doi:10.1055/a-2505-1944

Geburtshilfe und Frauenheilkunde, Table of Contents

CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2025; 85(08): 796-809
DOI: 10.1055/a-2505-1944

GebFra Science

Statement

Key Messages of the Iodine Deficiency Working Group (AKJ): Maternal Hypothyroxinemia Due to Iodine Deficiency and Endocrine Disruptors as Risks for Child Neurocognitive Development

Article in several languages: English | deutsch

Authors

Rolf Grossklaus

¹Mitglied des Wissenschaftlichen Beirats des Arbeitskreises Jodmangel e.V. (AKJ), Frankfurt/Main, Germany

²ehemals Abteilung Lebensmittelsicherheit, Bundesinstitut für Risikobewertung, Berlin, Germany
Klaus-Peter Liesenkötter

¹Mitglied des Wissenschaftlichen Beirats des Arbeitskreises Jodmangel e.V. (AKJ), Frankfurt/Main, Germany

³Endokrinologikum Berlin, Zentrum für Hormon- und Stoffwechselerkrankungen, Berlin, Germany
Klaus Doubek

¹Mitglied des Wissenschaftlichen Beirats des Arbeitskreises Jodmangel e.V. (AKJ), Frankfurt/Main, Germany

⁴Berufsverband der Frauenärzte München, München, Germany
Henry Völzke

¹Mitglied des Wissenschaftlichen Beirats des Arbeitskreises Jodmangel e.V. (AKJ), Frankfurt/Main, Germany

⁵Institut für Gemeinschaftsmedizin, SHIP/Klinisch-Epidemiologische Forschung, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany (Ringgold ID: RIN60634)
Roland Gaertner

¹Mitglied des Wissenschaftlichen Beirats des Arbeitskreises Jodmangel e.V. (AKJ), Frankfurt/Main, Germany

⁶Medizinische Klinik IV der Universität München, München, Germany

Abstract

Iodine deficiency with the resultant maternal hypothyroxinemia and the effects of endocrine disruptors can, individually or together, have a negative effect on embryonic and fetal brain development.
This is the conclusion of a recent review by the authors which examined and critically discussed a total of 279 publications from the past 30 years on the effects of mild to moderate iodine deficiency, reduced maternal thyroxine levels, and the influence of endocrine disruptors on child brain development during pregnancy.
Adequate iodine intake is important for all women of childbearing age to prevent negative psychological and social consequences for their children. An additional threat to the thyroid hormone system is the ubiquitous exposure to endocrine disruptors, which can increase the impact of maternal iodine deficiency on the neurocognitive development of their offspring. Ensuring an adequate iodine intake is therefore not only crucial for healthy fetal and neonatal development in general, but could also prevent the potential effects of endocrine disruptors.
Due to the current deficient iodine status of women of childbearing age and of children and adolescents in Germany and most European countries, urgent measures are needed to improve the iodine intake of the population.
Therefore, in the opinion of the AKJ, young women of childbearing age should be instructed to take iodine supplements continuously for at least 3 months before conception and during pregnancy. In addition, detailed strategies for detecting and reducing exposure to endocrine disruptors in accordance with the “precautionary principle” should be urgently developed.

Keywords

iodine deficiency - pregnancy - hypothyroxinemia - neurocognitive development - endocrine disruptors

Full Text

References

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