Das Darmmikrobiom: Schlüssel zur Gewichtsregulation?

Adipositas ist eines der größten medizinischen Probleme unserer Zeit. Die damit verbundene Morbidität und Mortalität sind hoch. Neue wissenschaftliche Erkenntnisse sehen Veränderungen im Darmmikrobiom als einen relevanten Faktor für Übergewicht oder eine erschwerte Gewichtsabnahme. Klinische Studien weisen zudem auf signifikante Effekte einer Mikrobiom-modifizierenden Therapie bei der Gewichtsreduktion hin.

Publication History

Article published online:
07 April 2025

• Literatur

• 1 Sender R, Fuchs S, Milo R. Are we really vastly outnumbered? Revisiting the ratio of bacterial to host cells in humans. Cell 2016; 164: 337-340
• 2 Zhu B, Wang X, Li L. Human gut microbiome: the second genome of human body. Protein Cell 2010; 1: 718-725
• 3 Wu J, Wang K, Wang X. et al. The role of the gut microbiome and its metabolites in metabolic diseases. Protein Cell 2021; 12: 360-373
• 4 Visconti A, Le Roy CI, Rosa F. et al. Interplay between the human gut microbiome and host metabolism. Nat Commun 2019; 10: 4505
• 5 WHO. Obesity and overweight. Zugriff am 10.03.2025 unter https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/obesity-and-overweight
• 6 Mensink GB, Schienkiewitz A, Haftenberger M. et al. Overweight and obesity in Germany: results of the German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Adults (DEGS1). Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz 2013; 56: 786-794
• 7 WHO. Obesity: Preventing and managing the global epidemic. Geneva: WHO Technical Report Series; 2000. 894.
• 8 Apovian CM. Obesity: definition, comorbidities, causes, and burden. Am J Manag Care 2016; 22: s176-s185
• 9 Turnbaugh PJ, Ley RE, Mahowald MA. et al. An obesity-associated gut microbiome with increased capacity for energy harvest. Nature 2006; 444: 1027-1031
• 10 Castaner O, Goday A, Park YM. et al. The gut microbiome profile in obesity: A systematic review. Int J Endocrinol 2018; 4095789
• 11 Pinart M, Dötsch A, Schlicht K. et al. Gut microbiome composition in obese and non-obese persons: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutrients 2021; 14: 12
• 12 Chanda D, De D. Meta-analysis reveals obesity associated gut microbial alteration patterns and reproducible contributors of functional shift. Gut Microbes 2024; 16: 2304900
• 13 Everard A, Belzer C, Geurts L. et al. Cross-talk between Akkermansia muciniphila and intestinal epithelium controls diet-induced obesity. Proc Natl Acad Sci 2013; 110: 9066-9071
• 14 Vinolo MA, Rodrigues HG, Nachbar RT, Curi R. Regulation of inflammation by short chain fatty acids. Nutrients 2011; 3: 858-876
• 15 Ríos-Covián D, Ruas-Madiedo P, Margolles A. et al. Intestinal short chain fatty acids and their link with diet and human health. Front Microbiol 2016; 7: 185
• 16 Okeke F, Roland BC, Mullin GE. The role of the gut microbiome in the pathogenesis and treatment of obesity. Glob Adv Health Med 2014; 3: 44-57
• 17 Flint A, Raben A, Astrup A, Holst JJ. Glucagon-like peptide 1 promotes satiety and suppresses energy intake in humans. J Clin Invest 1998; 101: 515-520
• 18 Begley M, Hill C, Gahan CG. Bile salt hydrolase activity in probiotics. Appl Environ Microbiol 2006; 72: 1729-1738
• 19 Hadi A, Alizadeh K, Hajianfar H. et al. Efficacy of synbiotic supplementation in obesity treatment: A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 60: 584-596
• 20 Peckmezian T, Garcia-Larsen V, Wilkins K. et al. Microbiome-targeted therapies as an adjunct to traditional weight loss interventions: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2022; 15: 3777-3798
• 21 John GK, Wang L, Nanavati J. et al. Dietary alteration of the gut microbiome and its impact on weight and fat mass: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Genes 2018; 9: 167
• 22 den Besten G, van Eunen K, Groen AK. et al. The role of short-chain fatty acids in the interplay between diet, gut microbiota, and host energy metabolism. J Lipid Res 2013; 54: 2325-2340