Sportangebote bei psychischen Erkrankungen: Wie wir als Behandelnde gezielt unterstützen können

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Trotz der positiven Effekte körperlicher Aktivität sind Menschen mit psychischen Erkrankungen oft wenig aktiv. Die Empfehlungen sind uneinheitlich und schwer umsetzbar.

Zielsetzung

Untersucht wurden Sportverhalten und Bedarf an Sportangeboten während und nach stationärer Behandlung, um konkrete Empfehlungen für den klinischen Alltag abzuleiten.

Methodik

Für die vorliegende Umfrage wurden Patientinnen und Patienten der psychiatrischen Klinik der Universität Augsburg via Flyer/QR-Code rekrutiert.

Ergebnisse

47 Patientinnen und Patienten nahmen teil. Über 70% treiben regelmäßig Sport. Ebenfalls über 70% haben Interesse an einer Peer-Sportgruppe, wobei die Rahmenbedingungen möglichst niedrigschwellig gestaltet sein sollten (z.B. ohne Voranmeldung). Kraftsport und moderate Intensitäten wurden gegenüber Ausdauersport bevorzugt.

Diskussion

Die Ergebnisse ergänzen die Bewegungsempfehlungen der Weltgesundheitsorganisation. Kraftsport und leicht verfügbare Angebote könnten die körperliche Aktivität fördern.

Abstract

Background

Despite the positive effects of physical activity, people with mental illness often remain inactive. Exercise recommendations are inconsistent and challenging to follow.

Objectives

This study assessed exercise behavior and the need for programs during and after inpatient treatment to develop clinical recommendations.

Methods

Patients from the psychiatric clinic at the University of Augsburg were recruited via flyer/QR-Code.

Results

A total of 47 patients participated in this survey. Over 70% exercise regularly, and over 70% are interested in peer-sports-groups with low-threshold conditions (e.g. no prior registration required). Strength training and moderate intensity training were favored over endurance sports.

Conclusions

Our findings complement the World Health Organization’s exercise recommendations. Strength training programs and accessible options may promote physical activity in this population.

Schlüsselwörter

Psychische Erkrankung - Bewegungsprogramme - Bewegungsempfehlungen - körperliche Aktivität - Gesundheitsfachkräfte

Keywords

physical activity - mentall illness - exercise programs - exercise - recommendations - health professionals

• Literatur

• 1 Schuch FB, Vancampfort D, Richards J. et al. Exercise as a treatment for depression: A meta-analysis adjusting for publication bias. J Psychiatr Res 2016; 77: 42-51
• 2 Stubbs B, Vancampfort D, Rosenbaum S. et al. An examination of the anxiolytic effects of exercise for people with anxiety and stress-related disorders: A meta-analysis. Psychiatry Res 2017; 249: 102-8
• 3 Firth J, Stubbs B, Rosenbaum S. et al. Aerobic Exercise Improves Cognitive Functioning in People With Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Schizophr Bull 2017; 43: 546-56
• 4 Vancampfort D, Firth J, Schuch FB. et al. Sedentary behavior and physical activity levels in people with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder: a global systematic review and meta-analysis. World Psychiatry 2017; 16: 308-15.
• 5 Roeh A, Kirchner SK, Malchow B. et al. Depression in Somatic Disorders: Is There a Beneficial Effect of Exercise?. Front Psychiatry 2019; 10: 141
• 6 Lobelo F, de Quevedo IG. The Evidence in Support of Physicians and Health Care Providers as Physical Activity Role Models. Am J Lifestyle Med 2016; 10: 36-52
• 7 Hirschbeck A, Kossmann D, Schwegler H. et al. Implementing exercise recommendations into clinical practice-new findings from mental health professionals’ and patients’ perspectives in a university psychiatric setting. Front Sports Act Living 2024; 6: 1336356
• 8 Petzold MB, Betzler F, Plag J. et al. Advising activity-knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors regarding the recommendation of physical activity in clinical psychologists. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2024
• 9 Hoffman BM, Babyak MA, Craighead WE. et al. Exercise and pharmacotherapy in patients with major depression: one-year follow-up of the SMILE study. Psychosom Med 2011; 73: 127-33
• 10 Fraser SJ, Chapman JJ, Brown WJ. et al. Physical activity attitudes and preferences among inpatient adults with mental illness. Int J Ment Health Nurs 2015; 24: 413-20
• 11 Davidson L, Bellamy C, Guy K. et al. Peer support among persons with severe mental illnesses: a review of evidence and experience. World Psychiatry 2012; 11: 123-8
• 12 Khan A, Brown WJ, Burton NW. What physical activity contexts do adults with psychological distress prefer?. J Sci Med Sport 2013; 16: 417-21
• 13 Firth J, Rosenbaum S, Stubbs B. et al. Motivating factors and barriers towards exercise in severe mental illness: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Psychol Med 2016; 46: 2869-81
• 14 Armstrong LE, VanHeest JL. The unknown mechanism of the overtraining syndrome: clues from depression and psychoneuroimmunology. Sports Med 2002; 32: 185-209
• 15 Brand R, Ekkekakis P. Affective – Reflective Theory of physical inactivity and exercise. German Journal of Exercise and Sport Research 2018; 48: 48-58