Die suprakondyläre Humerusfraktur im Kindesalter

Stürze auf den Ellenbogen im häuslichen Umfeld oder auf dem Spielplatz führen bei Klein- und Schulkindern häufig zur suprakondylären Humerusfraktur. Klinikvorstellung, Diagnostik und Therapieentscheidung betreffen in relevantem Ausmaß den kinder- oder unfallchirurgischen Bereitschaftsdienst. Exakte Klassifikation, daraus folgend adäquate Auswahl des Behandlungsverfahrens und korrekte Osteosynthese sind Voraussetzung für gute funktionelle Ergebnisse.

Abstract

The supracondylar humerus fracture is a frequent fracture in childhood, accompanied with a relevant number of neurovascular injuries. Classification according to AO leads to a therapeutic algorithm: type I or II are stable fractures and need cast or redression by cuff ’n’ collar, type III or IV are displaced and instable fractures and need closed reduction and osteosynthesis. The method of choice is a K-wire fixation in different configurations, alternatives are external fixation and intramedullary nailing. Within about 4 weeks sufficient callus is visible and hardware extraction can take place followed by self-determined spontaneous mobilisation. Progress of range of motion is noticeable up to one year after trauma even without physical therapy. Special attention is necessary if vascular or neural deficits are detected initially or during follow-up. Malunion and functional restriction usually result from insufficient reduction or fixation. Because of the limited growth potential of the distal humeral physis, growth disturbance is not to expect and spontaneous correction is limited to the sagittal plane in preschool children.

Schlüsselwörter

suprakondyläre Humerusfraktur - Kindesalter - Osteosynthese - Begleitverletzungen - Nachsorge

Keywords

supracondylar humerus fracture - childhood - osteosynthesis - concomitant injuries - follow-up care

Publication History

Article published online:
12 February 2026

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