Augenverletzungen und Fehlsichtigkeit stellen im Schul- und Vereinssport eine oft unterschätzte Gefahr dar. Dieser Beitrag beleuchtet die Relevanz von optimaler Sehkorrektur, stellt Zahlen zu Verletzungen und die Möglichkeiten sporttauglicher Versorgung vor und zeigt auf, warum geeignete Sehhilfen im Sportunterricht unverzichtbar sind und wie Prävention gelingen kann.
Abstract
Visual deficits/ametropia are particularly significant obstacles in sports because the visual system controls/corrects all of an athlete’s movements. However, athletes are at increased risk for eye injuries caused by high-velocity objects e.g. balls or physical contact with opponents. This article presents the current (German) figures on eye injuries in club and school sports and evaluates the risk of eye injuries in various sports.
2392 eye injuries, selected from the 221273 club sports injuries recorded in the Ruhr University Bochum and ARAG Sports Insurance database for the period 1987–2017 were evaluated. The school sports eye injuries recorded by the German Social Accident Insurance for 2019 were also analyzed.
Of all the club sports injuries recorded, 1.08% were eye injuries; of these, 19.7% had to be treated in hospital, 13.9% required surgery, and 56.9% prevented the injured athletes from working. Blunt trauma was the most common cause of injury, comprising more than 50% of cases. Eye injuries were strongly overrepresented in club sports injuries sustained during water polo, squash, badminton, and tennis (injury proportion ratio [IPR] = 5.1–8.8). In school sports, eye injuries comprised 1.83% of the reported cases.
Eye injuries in sports are relatively rare, but often serious. Based on the increased IPR found for some sports, further studies must analyze the risk of eye injury in more detail. Eye protection in the form of sport-appropriate glasses should be used.
In addition, the article addresses the problem of “defective vision in sport” and its adequate correction and shows the requirements for spectacles suitable for (school) sport using the example of DIN 58184 “Spectacles suitable for school sports – Requirements and test methods”.
Schlüsselwörter Augenverletzungen - Verletzungsquote - Fehlsichtigkeit - sporttaugliche Brillen/Augenschutz - DIN 58184 SCHULE+SPORT
Keywords eye injuries - injury proportion ratio - defective vision - eye protection - DIN 58184 SCHOOL+SPORT
