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DOI: 10.1055/a-2696-4876
Gerinnungsphysiologie
Physiology of the Coagulation SystemAuthors
Die Blutgerinnung ist ein Prozess zur Verhinderung übermäßiger Blutverluste nach Gefäßverletzungen. Die Thrombozyten heften sich an das Subendothel und bilden einen primären Thrombozytenpfropf (primäre Hämostase). Durch Gewebsthromboplastin wird Faktor (F) VII aktiviert, durch Bildung der extrinsischen und intrinsischen Tenase wird FX aktiviert, und durch die Prothrombinase wird Prothrombin zu Thrombin aktiviert, welches Fibringen in Fibrin umwandelt. Fibrin bildet das stabilisierende Netz (sekundäre Hämostase). Inhibitorische Mechanismen hemmen und begrenzen die Blutgerinnung. Die Fibrinolyse führt zu einer Auflösung des Gerinnsels und damit zur Wiederherstellung des Blutflusses.
Abstract
The clotting system prohibits loss of blood in case of an injurie of the vascular system. Platelets adhere on the subendothelial extracellular matrix and form a platelet clot (primary hemostasis). Tissue factor activates (F) factor VII, through formation of the extrinsic und intrinsic tenase FX is activated and via the prothrombinase prothrombin is activated to form thrombin, which then converts fibrinogen into fibrin. Fibrin forms a stabilising network (secondary hemostasis). Inhibitory mechanisms restrict the procoagulatory system. The last step in this complex sequence is fibrinolysis, which leads to a dissolution of the clot in order to restore blood flow.
Publication History
Received: 28 August 2025
Accepted after revision: 20 January 2026
Article published online:
05 March 2026
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