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DOI: 10.1055/a-2716-7046
Amyloidose aus kardiologischer Sicht – Welche kardiologische Diagnostik ist bei positivem Nachweis von Amyloid in extrakardialem Gewebe zur Früherkennung einer Systemerkrankung sinnvoll?
Cardiac Perspective on Amyloidosis: Appropriate Cardiac Diagnostic Approaches Following Histological Amyloid Detection in TendinopathiesAutor*innen
Zusammenfassung
Amyloidosen sind seltene, meist systemische Erkrankungen, die bei kardialer Beteiligung zu einer progredienten Herzinsuffizienz führen können. Die beiden häufigsten Subtypen mit kardialer Beteiligung – AL- und ATTR-Amyloidose – unterscheiden sich grundlegend in Diagnostik, Therapie und Prognose. Retrospektive Studien zeigen, dass muskuloskelettale Manifestationen wie das Karpaltunnelsyndrom, die Tendovaginitis stenosans, Morbus Dupuytren oder Sehnenrupturen häufig bereits Jahre vor der Diagnose einer kardialen Amyloidose auftreten und potenziell als frühe klinische Marker dienen können. Die risikoadaptierte gezielte histopathologische Abklärung, kombiniert mit einer strukturierten interdisziplinären Weiterbehandlung kann wesentlich zur frühzeitigen Erkennung bislang unentdeckter systemischer Amyloidosen beitragen. Diese Übersichtsarbeit hebt die zunehmende Bedeutung muskuloskelettaler Manifestationen im handchirurgischen Kontext als mögliche Frühzeichen systemischer Amyloidosen hervor und schlägt einen strukturierten Handlungspfad für die interdisziplinäre Zusammenarbeit mit Kardiologie und Hämatologie vor.
Abstract
Amyloidosis is a rare, typically systemic disease that may cause progressive heart failure when cardiac involvement occurs. The two most common subtypes leading to cardiomyopathy – AL and ATTR amyloidosis – differ substantially in terms of diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis. Retrospective studies have shown that musculoskeletal manifestations such as carpal tunnel syndrome, stenosing tenosynovitis, Dupuytren’s contracture, or tendon ruptures often occur years before the diagnosis of cardiac amyloidosis and may serve as early clinical markers. A risk-adapted, targeted histopathological work-up, combined with structured interdisciplinary follow-up care, can significantly contribute to the early detection of previously unrecognized systemic amyloidosis. This review highlights the growing importance of musculoskeletal manifestations in the hand surgery setting as potential early indicators of systemic amyloidosis and proposes a structured clinical pathway for interdisciplinary collaboration with cardiology and haematology.
Schlüsselwörter
Karpaltunnelsyndrom, Pathologie - Kardiale Amyloidose - Transthyretin - LeichtkettenPublikationsverlauf
Eingereicht: 16. Juli 2025
Angenommen: 29. September 2025
Artikel online veröffentlicht:
17. November 2025
© 2025. Thieme. All rights reserved.
Georg Thieme Verlag KG
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