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CC BY 4.0 · Thorac Cardiovasc Surg Rep 2026; 15(01): e5-e8
DOI: 10.1055/a-2779-0604
Case Report: Cardiac

Management of Conduit Stenosis and Iatrogenic Aortopulmonary Window Post-Ross Procedure

Authors

  • Stelios Ioannou 

    1   Department of Pediatric and Adult Cardiac Surgery, Cardiac Innovation Center at Apollonion Private Hospital, Nicosia, Cyprus
    2   Medical School, University of Nicosia, Nicosia, Cyprus

  • George Shiakos

    1   Department of Pediatric and Adult Cardiac Surgery, Cardiac Innovation Center at Apollonion Private Hospital, Nicosia, Cyprus
    3   Medical School, European University, Nicosia, Cyprus

  • Aphrodite Tzifa

    4   Department of Congenital Heart Disease, Mitera Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece

  • Ioannis Tzanavaros

    1   Department of Pediatric and Adult Cardiac Surgery, Cardiac Innovation Center at Apollonion Private Hospital, Nicosia, Cyprus
    2   Medical School, University of Nicosia, Nicosia, Cyprus
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Abstract

This case report describes a 23-year-old male with a history of bicuspid aortic valve endocarditis managed with an emergency Ross procedure in 2020, whereby a xenograft pulmonary conduit prosthesis was implanted in the pulmonary position, followed by pulmonary conduit stenosis treated initially with high-pressure balloon dilatation 3 years later. The consequent diagnosis of iatrogenic aortopulmonary (AP) window, combined with severe recurrent pulmonary conduit stenosis, necessitated reoperation with right ventricle-to-pulmonary artery homograft replacement and repair of the AP shunt.

Keywords

endocarditis - pulmonary valve - pulmonary arteries/veins - Ross procedure - homograft - xenograft - aortopulmonary window

Contributors' Statement

S.I., G.S., A.T., and I.T. contributed to the investigation and methodology.




Publication History

Received: 08 September 2025

Accepted: 23 December 2025

Article published online:
27 January 2026

© 2026. The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, permitting unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction so long as the original work is properly cited. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)

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